General Biology 2 - Quarter 3 Review

General Biology 2 - Quarter 3

• The presentation covers General Biology 2, Quarter 3, at ACNHS, Minos City.
• Reminders include wearing face masks, frequent hand sanitization, avoiding unnecessary chatting with seatmates, and keeping mobile phones/gadgets temporarily.
• A class prayer is included, requesting God's presence, joy, learning, fun, kindness, peace, and love for the students and school.
• A review session involves questions regarding the divisions of the geologic time scale and how major events and life forms exist through time.
• Learning objectives focus on identifying major organisms in the geologic time scale and explaining evolution and diversity of life.
• The lesson's main goal is to describe the history of life on Earth, details of the geologic time scale, and the major organism groups present during specific periods.
• Activity 1 involves analyzing pictures to identify organism groups.
• Activity 2 is a fact or bluff exercise.
• Activity 3 includes matching characteristics of organisms.
• Application questions prompts students to relate concepts discussed to daily life.
• Students are tasked with using the lesson to answer questions for further comprehension.
• The final part is an enrichment activity asking students to further research mechanisms of evolution.
• The presentation concludes with a thank you message.

Geologic Time Scale

• The geologic time scale is a system scientists use to divide Earth's history into time periods based on geological and biological events.
• A key aspect is the classification of major organisms that existed throughout Earth's history.
• These major groups provide a framework to understand evolution and the diversity of life.

Major Groups of Organisms

• Prokaryotes: The earliest known life forms on Earth. Single-celled organisms without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. They include bacteria and archaea, appeared around 3.5 billion years ago (early Precambrian Era) and shaped Earth's environment. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) were among the first to perform photosynthesis.
• Protists: A diverse group of eukaryotic microorganisms that don’t fit into other kingdoms. They can be single-celled or multicellular, with various structures and functions. They appeared around 2 billion years ago playing a significant role in the evolution of more complex organisms. Diatoms are a type of protist with unique silica cell walls, important primary producers in aquatic ecosystems.
• Plants: Multicellular, eukaryotic organisms capable of photosynthesis. They appeared around 500 million years ago and diversified into various forms (e.g., mosses to trees). Plants play a crucial role in ecosystems, providing food, oxygen, and habitats to other organisms. Ferns are a group of plants that reproduce through spores and have vascular tissue for transporting water and nutrients. They were dominant during the Carboniferous period, forming extensive coal deposits.
• Invertebrates: Animals without backbones. They make up the majority of animal species on Earth and display a wide range of forms and adaptations. Invertebrates emerged around 600 million years ago, diversifying into phyla like arthropods, mollusks, and echinoderms. Trilobites were an extinct group of marine arthropods, living from the Cambrian to the Permian period; they had hard exoskeletons and are important index fossils.
• Vertebrates: Animals with backbones or spinal columns. They include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Vertebrates emerged about 500 million years ago and have undergone significant evolutionary changes. Dinosaurs were a diverse group of reptiles that dominated terrestrial ecosystems during the Mesozoic era, ranging from small, bird-like creatures to large, long-necked herbivores and fearsome carnivores.