Gene Regulatory Proteins
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the sickle cell anemia mutation?

  • Replacement of glutamic acid with valine (correct)
  • Replacement of valine with glutamic acid
  • Replacement of alanine with glycine
  • Replacement of glycine with alanine

    • What is the function of hydroxyurea treatment in sickle cell patients?

  • Increases fetal globin gene expression (correct)
  • Increases adult globin gene expression
  • Decreases fetal globin gene expression
  • Decreases adult globin gene expression

    • What is the rationale behind placing the African American patient on hydroxyurea?

  • To increase blood oxygen levels
  • To reduce vasoocclusive episodes (correct)
  • To increase vasoocclusive episodes
  • To reduce blood oxygen levels

    • Which DNA-binding motif is found in the Myogenic transcription factor MyoD?

    <p>Helix-loop-helix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene regulatory protein controls the lysogenic state of Lambda phage?

    <p>Lambda cro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of DNA acts as a barrier to spread heterochromatin to the neighboring region?

    <p>Insulator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way by which gene regulatory proteins can be activated?

    <p>Synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the DNA helix do most gene regulatory proteins bind to?

    <p>Major grooves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DNA binding motif is characterized by amino acid side chains in gene regulatory proteins making hydrogen bonds with bases from outside?

    <p>Helix-loop-helix motif</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DNA binding motif forms heterodimers, expanding the repertoire of DNA-binding specificities?

    <p>Leucine Zipper motifs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which DNA binding motif is characterized by two monomers held together in a four-helix bundle?

    <p>Helix-loop-helix motif</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of gene regulatory proteins plays a critical part in orchestrating fly development?

    <p>Homeodomain protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of protein binds to a specific region of DNA to prevent transcription of an adjacent gene?

    <p>Repressor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of an activator protein?

    <p>To increase transcription of an adjacent gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an enhancer element?

    <p>A regulatory DNA sequence to which gene regulatory proteins bind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a TATA box?

    <p>To specify the position at which transcription is initiated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are general transcription factors?

    <p>Proteins required for transcription initiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows gene regulatory proteins to work from a distance?

    <p>Enhancer elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a function of hydroxyurea in preventing vaso-occlusive episodes?

    <p>Inducing protein degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of XIST RNA in X-chromosome inactivation?

    <p>Coating the chromosome that produces it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of CpG islands?

    <p>They contain a high frequency of CG dinucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of DNA hypermethylation on gene expression in cancer cells?

    <p>Silencing of gene expression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is DNA methylation pattern inherited during cell division?

    <p>Through DNA methylation maintenance methylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to CpG islands during the course of evolution?

    <p>They are lost due to deamination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes why cells in different tissues of a multicellular organism produce different types of proteins?

    <p>They have different types of RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a promoter in gene expression?

    <p>To bind to RNA polymerase and begin transcription</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is positive control in gene expression?

    <p>Type of control in which the gene is turned on</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is negative control in gene expression?

    <p>Type of control in which the gene is turned off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the genetic information in a differentiated cell?

    <p>A differentiated cell contains all the genetic information necessary to direct the formation of a complete organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the evidence that a skin cell nucleus contains all the genetic information needed to make different cell types?

    <p>The nucleus of a skin cell from an adult frog can give rise to an entire tadpole</p> Signup and view all the answers

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