Gene Flow and Genetic Variation Quiz

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What is the main effect of gene flow on genetic variation in populations?

Fixes alleles in a population

Increases the proportion of unique alleles per locus (correct)

Decreases the number of alleles

Promotes random mutations

In what situations can alleles be lost from populations?

Via allelic fixation (correct)

Due to an increase in genetic diversity

Through increased migration

By the presence of fixed alleles

What is the significance of genetic diversity of a population increasing over time?

It shows a stable genetic makeup

It suggests mutations are not occurring

It indicates a population decrease

It implies mutations are accumulating (correct)

What is the role of mutations in genetic diversity over generations?

Mutations accumulate and increase genetic diversity (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is allelic fixation more likely to occur in small populations?

Small populations experience genetic drift more intensely (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can bring new mutations into a population according to the text?

Migration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What term is used for alleles that are the only version of a gene in a population?

"Fixed" Alleles (C) Signup and view all the answers

What process can lead to changing the number of alleles for a gene in a population?

Gene flow (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which type of populations is allelic fixation more likely to occur?

Small populations, especially for negative alleles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of new alleles in a species?

Random mutations (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does allelic fixation refer to in populations?

Fixation of a single allele in a population (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does genetic diversity of a population tend to change over time in stable populations?

It tends to increase due to accumulating mutations (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which process can lead to the loss of alleles from a population?

Gene flow (C) Signup and view all the answers

What factor influences whether new mutations brought by migration persist in a population over time?

Passing on of alleles to the next generation (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a population experiences high rates of immigration and emigration, what effect is likely to be observed on its genetic diversity?

Genetic diversity will increase as new alleles are introduced (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a small, isolated population, what is the most likely consequence of a deleterious mutation becoming fixed?

The population will be at a higher risk of extinction (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a population experiences a severe bottleneck event, what is the expected impact on its genetic diversity over subsequent generations, assuming no further disturbances?

Genetic diversity will gradually increase as new mutations accumulate (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a large, panmictic population with high rates of random mating, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, beneficial mutation?

The mutation's fate will depend on its selective advantage (C) Signup and view all the answers

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity?

Gene flow between populations through migration (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a population with high levels of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence for deleterious recessive alleles?

They will become more prevalent and potentially fixed (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

Whether the mutation is passed on to subsequent generations (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a population experiences a severe reduction in size (bottleneck event), but then recovers to its original size, what is the most likely outcome for its genetic diversity over subsequent generations?

Genetic diversity will remain low due to the loss of alleles during the bottleneck (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a large, panmictic population with random mating and no gene flow, which of the following is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, deleterious recessive allele?

It will be quickly eliminated from the population due to purifying selection (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow between them, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species?

New mutations arising independently in different populations (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a small, isolated population with high rates of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence for a newly introduced, deleterious recessive allele?

It will rapidly become fixed due to genetic drift (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a population experiences high rates of immigration and emigration (gene flow), what effect is likely to be observed on its genetic diversity?

Genetic diversity will increase due to the introduction of new alleles (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a large, randomly mating population, what is the most likely fate of a newly introduced, beneficial dominant allele?

It will rapidly become fixed due to positive selection (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

The strength of selection on the mutation (D) Signup and view all the answers

If a population experiences a severe bottleneck event followed by rapid expansion, what is the most likely outcome for its genetic diversity in subsequent generations?

Genetic diversity will initially decrease but then gradually increase over time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely fate of a newly introduced, slightly deleterious recessive allele?

It will persist at a low frequency due to genetic drift. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase genetic diversity within a species consisting of multiple isolated populations?

Random mutations within each population (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a population experiences high rates of immigration and emigration, what effect is most likely to be observed on its genetic diversity over time?

Genetic diversity will increase due to the introduction of new alleles. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a small, isolated population with a high rate of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence of a newly introduced, highly deleterious recessive allele?

It will become fixed in the population due to the small population size. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

The selective advantage or disadvantage of the mutation (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, highly beneficial dominant allele?

It will rapidly increase in frequency and become fixed. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about molecular clocks?

Molecular clocks use DNA mutations to estimate evolutionary time and relationships (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of DNA sequences generally accumulate mutations more slowly within a species?

Genes (C) Signup and view all the answers

How are mutation rates linked to the properties of DNA Polymerase in a species?

Mutation rate of an organism is correlated with the specific properties of its DNA Polymerase (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which part of a population's DNA accumulates mostly neutral mutations?

Non-coding sequences (D) Signup and view all the answers

In which type of organisms are mutation rates usually higher?

Organisms with larger genomes and short lifespans (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why do molecular clocks assume that mutations accumulate at a consistent rate over time?

To estimate evolutionary time and relationships accurately (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about molecular clocks is NOT true?

Mutation rates are higher in organisms with larger genomes and longer lifespans. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow, which process is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species?

Mutation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

The fitness effect of the mutation (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, highly beneficial dominant allele?

It will gradually increase in frequency and potentially become fixed. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe alleles that are the only version of a gene in a population?

Fixed alleles (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a small, isolated population with high rates of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence for a newly introduced, deleterious recessive allele?

It will gradually increase in frequency and potentially become fixed. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are molecular clocks based on the number of DNA mutations or SNPs?

To estimate evolutionary time and relationships (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for mutation rates varying between species?

Genome size and lifespan correlation (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why do genes accumulate mutations more slowly than non-coding DNA sequences?

Genes have more efficient repair mechanisms (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common outcome of mutations in non-coding sequences?

Persistence due to neutral effects (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do mutation rates vary between different DNA sequences within a species?

Mutation rates are higher in non-coding sequences (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between mutation rates and genome size in organisms?

Smaller genomes have higher mutation rates (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concept behind Molecular Clocks in molecular evolution?

Estimating evolutionary time and relationships based on DNA mutations or SNPs (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why do mutations accumulate in populations as time progresses?

Due to the consistent rate of mutations happening randomly (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between mutation rates and the size of genomes?

Mutation rates are usually higher in organisms with smaller genomes (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which DNA sequences generally accumulate mutations more slowly within a species?

Genes accumulate mutations more slowly than non-coding DNA sequences (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why mutations in non-coding sequences persist more often than mutations in genes?

Non-coding mutations are often neutral to populations (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor influencing the mutation rates within a species?

The specific properties of the DNA Polymerase in that species (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a species with a high mutation rate, which of the following sequences would accumulate mutations at the slowest rate?

Coding regions of essential genes in a long-lived organism with a large genome (A) Signup and view all the answers

In a species with a high mutation rate and a large effective population size, what is the most likely fate of a newly introduced, mildly deleterious recessive allele?

It will persist at a low frequency, maintained by mutation-selection balance. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species over time?

Mutation (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about molecular clocks is true?

They use the accumulation of mutations over time to estimate evolutionary divergence between populations. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a small, isolated population with high rates of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence of a newly introduced, highly deleterious recessive allele?

It will quickly become fixed in the population due to genetic drift. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If a population experiences a severe bottleneck event followed by rapid expansion, what is the most likely outcome for its genetic diversity in subsequent generations?

Genetic diversity will remain low due to the founder effect. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding mutation rates in organisms is correct?

Mutation rates are linked to the specific properties of the DNA Polymerase in a species (D) Signup and view all the answers

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, highly deleterious recessive allele?

It will be eliminated from the population through purifying selection (A) Signup and view all the answers

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow between them, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species?

Mutation (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, which of the following statements is true regarding the accumulation of mutations in different DNA sequences within a species?

Non-coding DNA sequences accumulate mutations more rapidly than genes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why mutations in non-coding sequences persist more often than mutations in genes?

Mutations in non-coding sequences are often neutral and persist (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to the concept of Molecular Clocks, which of the following statements is true?

Mutations occur at a consistent rate over time, allowing for estimation of evolutionary relationships (D) Signup and view all the answers

Gene Flow and Genetic Variation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main effect of gene flow on genetic variation in populations?

In what situations can alleles be lost from populations?

What is the significance of genetic diversity of a population increasing over time?

What is the role of mutations in genetic diversity over generations?

Why is allelic fixation more likely to occur in small populations?

What can bring new mutations into a population according to the text?

What term is used for alleles that are the only version of a gene in a population?

What process can lead to changing the number of alleles for a gene in a population?

In which type of populations is allelic fixation more likely to occur?

What is the main source of new alleles in a species?

What does allelic fixation refer to in populations?

How does genetic diversity of a population tend to change over time in stable populations?

Which process can lead to the loss of alleles from a population?

What factor influences whether new mutations brought by migration persist in a population over time?

If a population experiences high rates of immigration and emigration, what effect is likely to be observed on its genetic diversity?

In a small, isolated population, what is the most likely consequence of a deleterious mutation becoming fixed?

If a population experiences a severe bottleneck event, what is the expected impact on its genetic diversity over subsequent generations, assuming no further disturbances?

In a large, panmictic population with high rates of random mating, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, beneficial mutation?

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity?

In a population with high levels of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence for deleterious recessive alleles?

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

If a population experiences a severe reduction in size (bottleneck event), but then recovers to its original size, what is the most likely outcome for its genetic diversity over subsequent generations?

In a large, panmictic population with random mating and no gene flow, which of the following is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, deleterious recessive allele?

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow between them, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species?

In a small, isolated population with high rates of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence for a newly introduced, deleterious recessive allele?

If a population experiences high rates of immigration and emigration (gene flow), what effect is likely to be observed on its genetic diversity?

In a large, randomly mating population, what is the most likely fate of a newly introduced, beneficial dominant allele?

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

If a population experiences a severe bottleneck event followed by rapid expansion, what is the most likely outcome for its genetic diversity in subsequent generations?

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely fate of a newly introduced, slightly deleterious recessive allele?

What is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase genetic diversity within a species consisting of multiple isolated populations?

If a population experiences high rates of immigration and emigration, what effect is most likely to be observed on its genetic diversity over time?

In a small, isolated population with a high rate of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence of a newly introduced, highly deleterious recessive allele?

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, highly beneficial dominant allele?

Which of the following is true about molecular clocks?

What type of DNA sequences generally accumulate mutations more slowly within a species?

How are mutation rates linked to the properties of DNA Polymerase in a species?

Which part of a population's DNA accumulates mostly neutral mutations?

In which type of organisms are mutation rates usually higher?

Why do molecular clocks assume that mutations accumulate at a consistent rate over time?

Which of the following statements about molecular clocks is NOT true?

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow, which process is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species?

What is the primary factor that determines whether a new mutation brought into a population through gene flow will persist over time?

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, highly beneficial dominant allele?

What term is used to describe alleles that are the only version of a gene in a population?

In a small, isolated population with high rates of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence for a newly introduced, deleterious recessive allele?

Why are molecular clocks based on the number of DNA mutations or SNPs?

What is the primary reason for mutation rates varying between species?

Why do genes accumulate mutations more slowly than non-coding DNA sequences?

What is the common outcome of mutations in non-coding sequences?

How do mutation rates vary between different DNA sequences within a species?

What is the relationship between mutation rates and genome size in organisms?

What is the main concept behind Molecular Clocks in molecular evolution?

Why do mutations accumulate in populations as time progresses?

What is the relationship between mutation rates and the size of genomes?

Which DNA sequences generally accumulate mutations more slowly within a species?

What is the primary reason why mutations in non-coding sequences persist more often than mutations in genes?

What is the main factor influencing the mutation rates within a species?

In a species with a high mutation rate, which of the following sequences would accumulate mutations at the slowest rate?

In a species with a high mutation rate and a large effective population size, what is the most likely fate of a newly introduced, mildly deleterious recessive allele?

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species over time?

Which of the following statements about molecular clocks is true?

In a small, isolated population with high rates of inbreeding, what is the most likely consequence of a newly introduced, highly deleterious recessive allele?

If a population experiences a severe bottleneck event followed by rapid expansion, what is the most likely outcome for its genetic diversity in subsequent generations?

Which of the following statements regarding mutation rates in organisms is correct?

In a large, randomly mating population with no gene flow, what is the most likely outcome for a newly introduced, highly deleterious recessive allele?

If a species consists of multiple isolated populations with no gene flow between them, what is the primary mechanism that can introduce new alleles and increase overall genetic diversity across the species?

According to the information provided, which of the following statements is true regarding the accumulation of mutations in different DNA sequences within a species?

What is the primary reason why mutations in non-coding sequences persist more often than mutations in genes?

According to the concept of Molecular Clocks, which of the following statements is true?

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