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Questions and Answers
Where does translation of mRNA occur in eukaryotic cells?
Where does translation of mRNA occur in eukaryotic cells?
What is the site of translation in prokaryotic cells?
What is the site of translation in prokaryotic cells?
What is used for isolating subcellular structures like ER Proteins and Ribosomes?
What is used for isolating subcellular structures like ER Proteins and Ribosomes?
What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?
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What does a microarray chip primarily facilitate?
What does a microarray chip primarily facilitate?
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Study Notes
Activation of mTORC1 and Muscle Hypertrophy
- mTORC1 and mTORC2 are two distinct complexes, with mTORC1 being inhibited by rapamycin
- Following resistance exercise, mTORC1 activity increases and correlates with muscle mass gain
- Unlike growth factors, resistance exercise activates mTOR independently of PI3K
- Resistance exercise activates an unidentified kinase that phosphorylates TSC2, leading to mTORC1 activation
- Resistance exercise also increases amino acid uptake into the muscle, particularly leucine and glutamine
- Leucine activates mTORC1 by binding to LRS and RagD, leading to increased protein synthesis
- Resistance exercise activates mTORC1 through the activation of an RxRxx-directed kinase and enhanced amino acid uptake
- Inhibiting mTOR with rapamycin blocks muscle hypertrophy in mice and humans
- Mice with a rapamycin-resistant mutant of mTOR show muscle hypertrophy even in the presence of rapamycin
- This demonstrates that resistance exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy is completely dependent on mTOR
- The activation of mTORC1 by resistance exercise and protein feeding explains load-dependent activation and the effects of amino acid consumption on muscle hypertrophy
- Evidence suggests that mTORC1 is necessary for resistance exercise-induced muscle growth
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Description
Test your knowledge of gene expression testing methods such as PCR and qPCR, as well as microarray technology and RNA-related concepts with this quiz. Covering topics like mRNA expression ratios, microarray hybridization, and ribosome assembly, this quiz will help you review and reinforce your understanding of molecular biology lecture objectives.
