Gender Order: Concepts and Implications
66 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is gender order?

Gender order is a patterned system of ideological and material practices performed by individuals in society, through which power relations between women and men are created and recreated as meaningful.

According to Jill Matthews, who first developed the concept of gender order, how is every known society distinguished?

Jill Matthews explained that every known society distinguishes between women and men.

What are the three main possibilities for gender order?

  • Matriarchal (correct)
  • Patriarchal (correct)
  • Oligarchic
  • Egalitarian (correct)

    • What factors create gender orders?

    <p>Labor, power, and cathexis, which refers to emotional relationships, including sexuality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to feminists, gender is a significant social cleavage, like social class, race or religion.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Radical feminists argue that gender is the most politically important of social divisions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept do feminists use to describe the power relationship between men and women?

    <p>Patriarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The term 'patriarchy' literally means 'rule by the father'.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dominance of the father within the family symbolizes male supremacy in all other institutions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Feminists believe that patriarchy is a simple or single concept.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Western countries, the social position of women has significantly improved during the 20th Century.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Patriarchy no longer exists in the developing world.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some consequences of gender hierarchy?

    <p>Gender Segregation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is sexism?

    <p>Sexism is linked to beliefs about the fundamental natures of women and men and the roles they should play in society. It manifests as gender stereotypes and can rank one gender as superior to another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sexism can only manifest itself consciously.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sexism's impact is limited to women.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of how sexism manifests in the workplace?

    <p>Examples of sexist workplace practices include: derogatory comments, objectification, sexist humor or jokes, overfamiliar remarks, silencing or ignoring people, gratuitous comments about dress and physical appearance, sexist body language, lack of respect, and masculine practices which intimidate or exclude women and favor men.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sexist practices do not impact employee performance.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is gender segregation?

    <p>Gender segregation occurs when women and men are located separately from each other, while otherwise participating in a broadly similar set of activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two dimensions of occupational segregation?

    <p>The two dimensions of occupational segregation are horizontal segregation, where women and men are found in different types of occupations, and vertical segregation, where women and men hold different positions in occupational hierarchies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The jobs with greater material rewards are usually held by women.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gender segregation is a deliberate practice.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'primary mechanism' according to Hartman?

    <p>Hartman states that job segregation is the primary mechanism in capitalist society that maintains the superiority of man over women that promotes segregation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is gender inequality?

    <p>Gender inequality is discrimination on the basis of sex or gender, causing one sex or gender to be routinely privileged or prioritized over another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gender equality is a fundamental human right.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gender inequality starts in childhood.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gender inequality is a universal problem, affecting every part of the world.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is gender-based violence?

    <p>Gender-based violence is violence directed against a person because of that person's gender or violence that affects persons of a particular gender disproportionately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Violence against women is considered a violation of human rights and a form of discrimination against women.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Violence against women only includes physical and sexual violence.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Violence against women only affects women and girls.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Women experience violence due to their gender.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Violence against women is always a physical act.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The United Nations defines violence against women as solely physical or sexual violence.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Intimate partners are responsible for a majority of violence against women.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Violence against women is not a widespread problem.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the primary goals of family planning?

    <p>To maintain a healthy environment during desired pregnancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does NOT play a role in the context of pregnancy as described?

    <p>Employment status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does family planning contribute to societal well-being?

    <p>By promoting health and preventing unwanted pregnancies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of pregnancy does not influence the ability of couples to have children?

    <p>Personal preferences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best summarizes the implications of the content provided?

    <p>Family planning encompasses various aspects that affect childbearing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method involves tracking changes in body temperature to identify fertile days?

    <p>Basal body temperature method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cervical mucus method primarily monitor to determine fertile days?

    <p>Consistency and amount of cervical mucus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method for determining fertile days?

    <p>Hormonal contraceptive method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following methods require the individual to keep a long-term record of menstrual cycles?

    <p>Calendar method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of the basal body temperature method?

    <p>It requires daily temperature measurements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can most diseases and deaths threatening maternal health be prevented?

    <p>By minimizing the number of pregnancies and spacing them appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the total fertility rate reported in the TDHS 2013 data?

    <p>2.26</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors contributes to maternal health improvement?

    <p>Increased access to emergency medical services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects the importance of timing and spacing in pregnancies?

    <p>It plays a significant role in reducing health risks to the mother and child.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one consequence of not spacing pregnancies appropriately?

    <p>Increased health risks for both mother and child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors are usually considered during a physical examination?

    <p>Weight, age, blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information is gathered in a medical history check regarding the family?

    <p>Family history of diseases and health conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of a woman's health is often assessed during a pelvic examination?

    <p>Reproductive health and organ condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following details is NOT typically included in a thorough medical history?

    <p>Current employment status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might the date of the last menstrual period be significant in a medical assessment?

    <p>It provides insight into hormonal balance and reproductive health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the device described is not preferred by women?

    <p>The open end leading to the perineum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the structure of the device affect women's preferences?

    <p>The open end causes discomfort, leading to a lack of preference.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature of the device is described as being designed to close the cervix?

    <p>The right side of the device that provides closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is indicated about women's feelings towards the described device?

    <p>Women express discontent with the design of the device.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is mentioned as covering the ends of the device?

    <p>Polyurethane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should creams and gels be applied before sexual intercourse?

    <p>10-15 minutes before intercourse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should creams or gels not be washed off after sexual intercourse?

    <p>8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of contraceptives are creams and gels effective with?

    <p>Condoms and vaginal barriers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using creams and materials mentioned before intercourse?

    <p>To prevent pregnancy and STIs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended time frame for using creams and gels for maximum effectiveness?

    <p>10-15 minutes before</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gender Hierarchy: Gender Order and its Consequences

    • Gender order is a patterned system of ideological and material practices. It involves power relations between women and men, shaping and reshaping meaning.
    • Gender order within a society shapes and recreates ideas of masculinity and femininity, organizing relations between them.
    • Jill Matthews (1984) first developed the concept of gender order, studying the historical construction of femininity.
    • Gender order does not necessitate hierarchy, inequity, or oppression.
    • Three possibilities for gender order exist: egalitarian, matriarchal, and patriarchal.
    • Individuals impact the creation and recreation of gender relations, meaning gender order is dynamic and can change.

    What Creates Gender Order?

    • Labor, power, and cathexis are key factors driving gender order. Cathexis involves emotional relationships, including sexuality.

    Patriarchy

    • Feminists consider gender a significant social cleavage, akin to social class, race, or religion.
    • Radical feminists emphasize gender as the most politically significant social division and developed sexual politics, mirroring socialist class politics.
    • Conventional political theory has often overlooked or not fully addressed gender as a politically significant category.
    • As a result, feminists develop alternative concepts and theories to illuminate the systemic nature of sexual inequality and oppression.

    Patriarchy's Definition and Characteristics

    • Feminists use the term "patriarchy" to describe the power dynamic between men and women.
    • Literally, "rule by the father" — It highlights the father's dominance within the family.
    • Patriarchal power's symbolism means male supremacy is also prevalent in other institutions, such as education, the workplace, and politics.
    • Patriarchy can also be understood in a broader sense, referring to the rule of men.

    Debate: Is Nation State a Patriarchal Institution?

    • Feminist theory acknowledges the varying degrees and forms of oppression. This varies significantly across cultures and time periods.
    • In western countries, significant improvements in women's social standing occurred in the 20th century, due to factors like suffrage, education, changes in marital law, and access to abortion services.
    • Throughout the world, however, it's observed that variations occur in the way that patriarchy manifests itself. In some parts of the developing world, a cruel form of patriarchy is still prevalent.

    Consequences of Current Gender Hierarchy

    • Consequences of current gender hierarchy include sexism, gender segregation, gender inequality, gender-based violence, and violence against women and girls.

    Sexism

    • Sexism is linked to beliefs about the fundamental nature of women and men, along with the related societal roles.
    • Sexist assumptions about gender — e.g., ranking one gender as superior to the other, often manifest as gender stereotypes.
    • This thinking can be conscious, hostile, or unconscious bias.
    • Sexism extends to all of society, but disproportionately affects women.
    • Everyday sexism manifests as daily irritations and is documented online. Organizations like Everyday Sexism and Destroy the Joint compile and analyze instances of sexism.

    Sexism in the Workplace

    • Sexist assumptions and practices can hinder employees, often directing them into roles misaligned with their skills or qualifications, and keeping them out of leadership positions.
    • Women may face bias in workplace decisions or be steered towards stereotypically "feminine" job duties.
    • Men exiting jobs dominated by women due to social stigma can result in a waste of human resources.

    Gender Segregation

    • Gender segregation occurs when women and men are separated while participating in similar activities within a society.
    • Occupational segregation has two dimensions: horizontal (differing occupations) and vertical (different hierarchies).
    • Men usually hold higher-ranking, higher-paying jobs than women.
    • This segregation is possibly deliberate, as it seemingly reinforces male dominance in capitalist society.

    Gender Inequality

    • Gender inequality is discrimination based on sex or gender.

    • The violation of one's equal rights happens on a global scale and often begins in childhood, negatively impacting future opportunities.

    • Global variation exists in gender roles and social contexts.

    Gender-Based Violence

    • Gender-based violence (GBV) involves violence directed against an individual due to their gender.
    • GBV includes physical, sexual, psychological, or economic harm.
    • Often, women and children experience GBV disproportionately.
    • GBV can take various forms, including physical, sexual, and psychological violence. Globally, a significant percentage of women have experienced some form of violence.

    Violence Against Women

    • Women experience violence simply because they are women; this constitutes gender-based violence.
    • Violence against women is defined, per the UN, as any act of gender-based violence resulting in either physical, sexual, or mental harm to a woman.
    • A substantial portion of women worldwide experience violence.

    Scope of the Problem

    • Analysis of prevalence data reveals a severe global issue with gender-based violence, impacting nearly one-third of women.
    • Rates and forms of violence vary according to region, but it remains a considerable problem globally.

    Further Reading

    • Relevant websites that provide added resources and information, listed in the document.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Gender Hierarchy: Gender Order and Its Consequences Lecture 4 PDF
    Family Planning/Pregnancy Prevention PDF

    Description

    Explore the intricate dynamics of gender order, its historical roots, and the various systems that govern gender relations. This quiz delves into the contributions of Jill Matthews and examines the roles of labor, power, and emotions in shaping gender hierarchies. Understand how these frameworks can shift between egalitarian, matriarchal, and patriarchal forms.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser