Gen AI (Python) for First Year Engineering

Gen AI (Python) for First Year Engineering

Data Structure

• Definition: A way to organize and store data for efficient access and modification.
• Types:
  • Primitive: Integers, floats, booleans.
  • Non-Primitive: Lists, tuples, sets, dictionaries.

Strings

• Definition: A sequence of characters enclosed in quotes (single, double, or triple).
• Creation: str_var = "Hello, World!"

Indexing

• Definition: Accessing elements in a string using their position.
• Zero-Based Indexing:
  • First character: str_var[0]
  • Last character: str_var[-1]
• Slicing:
  • Syntax: str_var[start:end]
  • Example: str_var[0:5] results in "Hello".

String Properties

• Immutability: Strings cannot be changed after creation; any modification results in a new string.
• Length: Use len(str_var) to determine the number of characters.

String Functions

• Common Functions:
  • str.lower(): Converts to lowercase.
  • str.upper(): Converts to uppercase.
  • str.title(): Capitalizes the first letter of each word.
  • str.strip(): Removes leading and trailing whitespace.

String Methods

• Concatenation: Combine strings using +.
  • Example: str1 + str2
• Repetition: Repeat strings using *.
  • Example: str_var * 3 results in "Hello, World!Hello, World!Hello, World!"
• Finding Substrings:
  • str.find(sub): Returns the index of the first occurrence of sub.
  • str.count(sub): Returns the number of occurrences of sub.
• Replacement:
  • str.replace(old, new): Replaces occurrences of old with new.
• Splitting and Joining:
  • str.split(separator): Splits string into a list based on the separator.
  • separator.join(list): Joins a list into a string using the specified separator.

Data Structure

• Organizes and stores data for efficient access and modification.
• Types:
  • Primitive: Basic types like integers, floats, and booleans.
  • Non-Primitive: Complex types including lists, tuples, sets, and dictionaries.

Strings

• Sequence of characters enclosed in quotes (single, double, or triple).
• Created using syntax: str_var = "Hello, World!".

Indexing

• Access elements in a string through their position.
• Zero-Based Indexing:
  • First character accessed with str_var[0].
  • Last character accessed using str_var[-1].
• Slicing:
  • Syntax: str_var[start:end].
  • Example: str_var[0:5] produces the substring "Hello".

String Properties

• Immutability: Strings cannot be modified; any alteration creates a new string.
• Length: Use len(str_var) to get the number of characters in the string.

String Functions

• Common Functions:
  • str.lower(): Converts all characters to lowercase.
  • str.upper(): Converts all characters to uppercase.
  • str.title(): Capitalizes the first letter of each word.
  • str.strip(): Removes any leading and trailing whitespace.

String Methods

• Concatenation: Combine multiple strings using the + operator.
  • Example: str1 + str2 combines str1 and str2.
• Repetition: Duplicate strings with the * operator.
  • Example: str_var * 3 produces "Hello, World!Hello, World!Hello, World!".
• Finding Substrings:
  • str.find(sub): Locates the index of the first occurrence of sub.
  • str.count(sub): Counts all occurrences of sub within the string.
• Replacement:
  • str.replace(old, new): Replaces instances of old with new.
• Splitting and Joining:
  • str.split(separator): Divides the string into a list based on the specified separator.
  • separator.join(list): Combines list elements into a single string using the defined separator.

This quiz covers essential data structures and string manipulation techniques in Python for first-year engineering students. You'll explore primitive and non-primitive data types, indexing and slicing of strings, and common string functions. Test your understanding of these foundational concepts!