Gel Electrophoresis Techniques

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What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

To crystallize nucleic acids and proteins

To combine nucleic acids and proteins

To analyze the size and charge of nucleic acids and proteins (correct)

To extract nucleic acids and proteins

Why is agarose used as a medium in gel electrophoresis?

To form a network of bundles for molecule separation (correct)

To inhibit the movement of molecules

To accelerate the movement of molecules

To neutralize the charge of molecules

How does the concentration of agarose affect pore size in the gel?

Higher concentration leads to smaller pores and denser matrix (correct)

Higher concentration leads to larger pores and lighter matrix

Higher concentration has no effect on pore size

Higher concentration leads to no matrix formation

What role does the running buffer play in gel electrophoresis?

Providing the electrical field for molecular movement Signup and view all the answers

What determines the migration speed of molecules in an agarose gel?

Size and charge of the molecules Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to control the porosity of the gel in gel electrophoresis?

To ensure effective separation of molecules based on size Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a loading buffer to DNA samples in gel electrophoresis?

To give DNA color to monitor the progression of DNA molecules. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use the same batch of electrophoresis buffer in both the electrophoresis tank and the gel preparation?

To maintain a fairly constant pH and provide ions that support conductivity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis?

To determine the size of unknown DNA molecules that were separated. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to avoid puncturing the gel when loading DNA samples using a micropipette?

To prevent air bubbles from forming and affecting DNA movement in the gel. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding ethidium bromide to the agarose gel solution?

To visualize separated DNA fragments under UV light. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to set the appropriate voltage in gel electrophoresis?

To control the migration rate of DNA fragments through the gel. Signup and view all the answers

What does a loading buffer for DNA samples typically contain?

A colored dye to give DNA color for monitoring the progression of DNA molecules. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when too much voltage is applied in gel electrophoresis?

The gel will melt due to excessive heat generated. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Tris Borate EDTA (TBE) or Tris Acetate EDTA (TAE) buffers in DNA electrophoresis?

To maintain a fairly constant pH and provide ions that support conductivity. Signup and view all the answers

Which dye is commonly used to stain DNA by intercalating its strands, giving an orange color under UV light?

Ethidium bromide Signup and view all the answers

What is used as a standard to determine the size of unknown DNA molecules that were separated?

DNA ladder Signup and view all the answers

What is added to agarose gel solution to ensure that no air bubbles are formed during pouring?

Glycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of agarose gel in gel electrophoresis?

To create a mesh-like structure for molecules to travel through Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of agarose affect the size of pores in the gel?

Higher concentration of agarose results in smaller pores Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis?

To help determine the size of unknown DNA molecules Signup and view all the answers

How does gel electrophoresis separate molecules that differ in size, charge or conformation?

Based on their movement in an electrical field in a gel matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Tris Borate EDTA (TBE) or Tris Acetate EDTA (TAE) buffers in DNA electrophoresis?

To provide ions for conducting electricity Signup and view all the answers

Why do large molecules migrate slower than small ones in agarose gel electrophoresis?

Due to the sieving effect of the porous gel Signup and view all the answers

What determines the migration speed of molecules in an agarose gel during electrophoresis?

Molecule size and pores of the gel matrix Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding ethidium bromide to the agarose gel solution?

To stain DNA by intercalating its strands and give a color under UV light Signup and view all the answers

What is added to agarose gel solution to ensure that no air bubbles are formed during pouring?

Glycerol Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to control the porosity of the gel in gel electrophoresis?

To ensure proper migration of molecules based on size Signup and view all the answers

What role does the running buffer play in gel electrophoresis?

To provide ions for conducting electricity and maintain pH levels Signup and view all the answers

What is used as a standard to determine the size of unknown DNA molecules that were separated?

DNA ladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding a dye to the loading buffer in DNA electrophoresis?

To monitor the progression of DNA molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the density agent added to the loading buffer in DNA electrophoresis?

To increase the density of the sample so DNA will sink in the wells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the UV-Transilluminator in gel electrophoresis?

To visualize separated DNA molecules Signup and view all the answers

Why is GelRed considered a safer alternative to ethidium bromide in DNA electrophoresis?

It is noncytotoxic and non-mutagenic Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis?

To determine the size of unknown DNA molecules that were separated Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use the same batch of electrophoresis buffer in both the electrophoresis tank and the gel preparation?

To ensure consistent conditions for DNA separation Signup and view all the answers

What determines the migration speed of molecules in an agarose gel during electrophoresis?

The voltage applied across the gel Signup and view all the answers

What does a loading buffer for DNA samples typically contain in gel electrophoresis?

DNA tracking dye and ethidium bromide Signup and view all the answers

What happens when too much voltage is applied in gel electrophoresis?

The gel will melt due to excessive heat Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to avoid puncturing the gel when loading DNA samples using a micropipette?

To prevent leakage of DNA samples from the wells Signup and view all the answers

How does the concentration of agarose affect pore size in the gel during electrophoresis?

Higher concentration of agarose leads to smaller pore size Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to set the appropriate voltage in gel electrophoresis?

To ensure consistent conditions for DNA separation Signup and view all the answers

Gel Electrophoresis Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?

Why is agarose used as a medium in gel electrophoresis?

How does the concentration of agarose affect pore size in the gel?

What role does the running buffer play in gel electrophoresis?

What determines the migration speed of molecules in an agarose gel?

Why is it important to control the porosity of the gel in gel electrophoresis?

What is the purpose of adding a loading buffer to DNA samples in gel electrophoresis?

Why is it important to use the same batch of electrophoresis buffer in both the electrophoresis tank and the gel preparation?

What is the function of a DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis?

Why is it important to avoid puncturing the gel when loading DNA samples using a micropipette?

What is the purpose of adding ethidium bromide to the agarose gel solution?

Why is it important to set the appropriate voltage in gel electrophoresis?

What does a loading buffer for DNA samples typically contain?

What happens when too much voltage is applied in gel electrophoresis?

What is the role of Tris Borate EDTA (TBE) or Tris Acetate EDTA (TAE) buffers in DNA electrophoresis?

Which dye is commonly used to stain DNA by intercalating its strands, giving an orange color under UV light?

What is used as a standard to determine the size of unknown DNA molecules that were separated?

What is added to agarose gel solution to ensure that no air bubbles are formed during pouring?

What is the purpose of agarose gel in gel electrophoresis?

How does the concentration of agarose affect the size of pores in the gel?

What is the function of a DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis?

How does gel electrophoresis separate molecules that differ in size, charge or conformation?

What is the role of Tris Borate EDTA (TBE) or Tris Acetate EDTA (TAE) buffers in DNA electrophoresis?

Why do large molecules migrate slower than small ones in agarose gel electrophoresis?

What determines the migration speed of molecules in an agarose gel during electrophoresis?

What is the purpose of adding ethidium bromide to the agarose gel solution?

What is added to agarose gel solution to ensure that no air bubbles are formed during pouring?

Why is it important to control the porosity of the gel in gel electrophoresis?

What role does the running buffer play in gel electrophoresis?

What is used as a standard to determine the size of unknown DNA molecules that were separated?

What is the purpose of adding a dye to the loading buffer in DNA electrophoresis?

What is the function of the density agent added to the loading buffer in DNA electrophoresis?

What is the purpose of the UV-Transilluminator in gel electrophoresis?

Why is GelRed considered a safer alternative to ethidium bromide in DNA electrophoresis?

What is the role of a DNA ladder in gel electrophoresis?

Why is it important to use the same batch of electrophoresis buffer in both the electrophoresis tank and the gel preparation?

What determines the migration speed of molecules in an agarose gel during electrophoresis?

What does a loading buffer for DNA samples typically contain in gel electrophoresis?

What happens when too much voltage is applied in gel electrophoresis?

Why is it important to avoid puncturing the gel when loading DNA samples using a micropipette?

How does the concentration of agarose affect pore size in the gel during electrophoresis?

Why is it important to set the appropriate voltage in gel electrophoresis?

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