GEC 1: Understanding the Self
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Questions and Answers

What term describes the ideas that are derivative copies of impressions and less vivid?

  • Worldview
  • Thoughts
  • Impressions
  • Ideas (correct)

    • According to Freud, which layer of the self is primarily governed by the pleasure principle?

  • Unconscious (correct)
  • Preconscious
  • Self-construct
  • Conscious

    • What does Kant suggest about the way we construct the self?

  • It is influenced solely by conscious thought.
  • It is a fixed and stable concept.
  • It is a fragmented collection of sense data.
  • It involves actively organizing experiences. (correct)

    • Which statement best captures Gilbert Ryle's perspective on understanding the self?

    <p>Self is a pattern of behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mind according to the content provided?

    <p>To construct a meaningful world from raw experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of self contains material that is not threatening and can be easily recalled?

    <p>Preconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common characteristic do ideas have in comparison to impressions?

    <p>They are less lively and vivid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do minds process sense data according to the discussed theories?

    <p>By synthesizing it into an orderly framework.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosopher stated that an unexamined life is not worth living?

    <p>Socrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Plato, what is the nature of the SELF?

    <p>It is an intellectual entity separate from the physical world.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three parts of the soul according to Plato?

    <p>Reason, Appetite, Spirit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Aristotle define the soul in relation to the self?

    <p>The essence of a living organism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the self does Socrates emphasize through the Socratic method?

    <p>Intellectual debate between individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plato's theory posits that which realm is unchanging and eternal?

    <p>The Ideal realm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Plato, what drives the mind's desire to understand the Forms?

    <p>The sense of self.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which philosopher believed that everything with life has a soul?

    <p>Aristotle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does John Locke claim about the self?

    <p>The human mind at birth is a tabula rasa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what primarily constructs the self?

    <p>Sense experiences and memories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does David Hume argue regarding the concept of self?

    <p>There is no self if one examines sense experiences closely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the 'impressions' referred to by Hume?

    <p>Basic, lively sensations such as pain and pleasure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does consciousness play in Locke's understanding of the self?

    <p>It is essential for maintaining the same identity over time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Hume differentiate between impressions and ideas?

    <p>Impressions are vivid sensations, while ideas are faint reflections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects a key difference between Locke and Hume's views on self?

    <p>Locke sees consciousness as fundamental, while Hume denies the self exists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'tabula rasa' imply in Locke's philosophy?

    <p>That individuals are born as blank slates with no inherent traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which soul is responsible for physical growth and biological functions?

    <p>Vegetative soul</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Augustine's philosophy, which realm represents the world we perceive through our senses?

    <p>Sensible world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the human self does Descartes argue is independent of physical laws?

    <p>Thinking entity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Augustine believe is essential for humans to achieve union with God?

    <p>Faith and reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Descartes claim is proof of the existence of the self?

    <p>Self-conscious thought</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the body and soul characterized in Augustine's philosophy?

    <p>Irreconcilably divided</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Augustine, what is the nature of the universe as influenced by Platonism?

    <p>A bifurcated universe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT included in the definition of the rational soul?

    <p>Emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Philosophical Perspectives of the Self

    • Socrates: Advocated for self-examination; equated the self with the immortal soul, distinct from physical existence.

    • Plato: Viewed the self as an intellectual entity, separate from the physical world; emphasized the mind's role in understanding the Forms.

    • Three-Part Soul/ Self:

      • Reason: Enables deep thinking and understanding of eternal truths.
      • Physical Appetite: Represents basic biological needs (hunger, thirst, sexual desire).
      • Spirit/Passion: Encompasses basic emotions (love, anger, ambition).

    • Aristotle: Defined the soul as the essence of living beings, without separating it from the body; introduced three types of souls.

    • Types of Souls:

      • Vegetative Soul: Governs physical growth and functions.
      • Sentient Soul: Involves sensual desires and emotions.
      • Rational Soul: Distinctively human, includes intellect and understanding.

    • St. Augustine: Merged Platonism with Christianity; proposed the self has an immortal soul striving for unity with God.

    • Two Realms of Reality:

      • Intelligible Realm: Where truth resides.
      • Sensible World: Perceived through senses.

    • René Descartes: Claimed self-awareness proves existence with the famous declaration "I think therefore I am."

    • Dimensions of the Human Self:

      • Thinking Entity (Soul): Non-material, immortal, operates independently of physical laws.
      • Physical Body: Material, mortal, subject to physical laws.

    • John Locke: Described the self as consciousness; proposed the mind is a blank slate at birth influenced by experiences.

    • Key Concepts:

      • Consciousness and memory are crucial for personal identity.
      • Identity persists over time due to ongoing consciousness.

    • David Hume: Argued against the notion of a permanent self; identified two elements in experience.

    • Elements of Experience:

      • Impressions: Lively sensations (pain, pleasure, emotions).
      • Ideas: Derivative thoughts, less vivid than impressions.

    • Immanuel Kant: Proposed that the self is actively constructed through perception and understanding of experiences.

    • Meaning-Constructing Activity: Minds organize and synthesize sensory data to create a coherent reality.

    • Sigmund Freud: Defined the self in layers, emphasizing different governing principles.

    • Layers of the Self:

      • Conscious: Rational and practical behavior.
      • Unconscious: Driven by instincts and desires.
      • Preconscious: Contains easily accessible, non-threatening material.

    • Gilbert Ryle: Proposed that the self is understood through behavioral patterns and dispositions, encapsulated in the phrase "I act therefore I am."

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    Description

    This quiz explores the philosophical perspective of the self as discussed in UTS by Ma.Joycelyn Go-Monilla. It delves into concepts like the soul, its immortality, and the importance of examining one's life. Test your understanding of these philosophical ideas and their implications on personal identity.

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