GE-STS Module 6: Nanotechnology & Gene Therapy
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the references listed?

  • Science, technology, and society (correct)
  • Mathematical principles in science
  • Environmental science
  • History of technology

Which author is mentioned first in the references?

  • Nacario, C.
  • Serafica, J.P. (correct)
  • Alata, E.J.
  • Doria, B.

Which publisher is associated with the references?

  • Science Hub
  • Rex Book Store, Inc. (correct)
  • Jimczyville Publications
  • Tech Innovations Press

How many authors are mentioned in the first reference?

<p>Four (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What city is associated with the publisher mentioned in the references?

<p>Manila (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the format of the information presented in the references?

<p>Books (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the prefix 'nano' refer to in the context of nanotechnology?

<p>A billionth of a meter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be inferred about the second reference compared to the first?

<p>It is authored by the same authors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common theme is likely to be explored in the works cited in the references?

<p>The impact of technology on social structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What area of science focuses on manufacturing materials on the scale of atoms and molecules?

<p>Nanotechnology (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microscope can magnify objects up to a million times?

<p>Electron microscope (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of microscope used to view nanomaterials?

<p>Laser microscope (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Nanotechnology greatly impacts which sectors of society?

<p>Health, environment, and electronics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the atomic force microscope primarily used?

<p>To determine topography and surface properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main benefits of using nanoscale technology?

<p>It allows manipulation at the atomic level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the role of light microscopes in understanding the natural world?

<p>They provided the first insights into small objects. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a nanometer (nm)?

<p>A billionth of a meter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a learning outcome of the module?

<p>Describe how to manufacture nanomaterials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the basic processes involved in gene therapy?

<p>Introducing new genes into a patient’s cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does nanotechnology potentially benefit society?

<p>By improving drug delivery methods (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential concern about using nanotechnology?

<p>It could lead to unintended biological effects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are stem cells most commonly used for in gene therapy?

<p>To regenerate damaged tissues and organs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a common source of stem cells?

<p>Adult tissues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main implications of nanotechnology in society?

<p>It enhances the efficiency of various industries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best summarizes gene therapy?

<p>An approach to repair inherited genetic defects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the discussion of nanoworld, what is highlighted about its size?

<p>It is significantly smaller than conventional materials (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Nanoworld

The realm of incredibly small objects, visible only with powerful microscopes, where materials are manipulated at the atomic and molecular level.

Nanoscale

The scale of measurement for objects a billion times smaller than a meter. It's the domain of nanotechnology, involving manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular level.

Nanotechnology

The science and engineering field focused on manipulating matter at the nanoscale. It involves creating and utilizing materials and devices at the atomic level to develop innovative solutions in various sectors.

Electron microscope

A powerful microscope that uses a beam of electrons to illuminate and magnify objects up to a million times, revealing details invisible to the naked eye.

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Atomic force microscope

A microscope that uses a mechanical probe to scan the surface of a material, revealing its topography and other physical properties.

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Scanning tunneling microscope

A type of microscope that utilizes a sharp probe to scan a material's surface, creating detailed images by measuring the tiny electric current between the probe and the surface.

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Science, Technology and Society

A field of study that explores the interactions between science, technology, and society.

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Rex Book Store, Inc.

A publisher of the book "Science, Technology and Society" by Serafica et al. (2018).

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Jimczyville Publications

Another publisher of the book "Science, Technology and Society" by Doria, Nacario, and Solis (2018).

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Serafica, J.P.

One of the authors of the book "Science, Technology and Society" published by Rex Book Store, Inc. (2018).

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Pawilen, G.

Another author of the book "Science, Technology and Society" published by Rex Book Store, Inc. (2018).

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Caslib, B.

One of the authors of the book "Science, Technology and Society" published by Rex Book Store, Inc. (2018).

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Alata, E.J.

A co-author of the book "Science, Technology and Society" published by Rex Book Store, Inc. (2018).

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Doria, B.

One of the authors of the book "Science, Technology and Society" published by Jimczyville Publications (2018).

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Nanometer

A unit of measurement equal to one billionth of a meter (10^-9 meters). This is a very small unit used to measure the size of atoms and molecules.

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How to view Nanomaterials

Nanomaterials are too small to be seen with a regular microscope. Specialized instruments are needed, like Atomic Force Microscopes (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM).

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Nanomanufacturing

The process of building and creating materials and products at the nanoscale. This involves manipulating individual atoms and molecules to create structures with unique properties.

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Gene Therapy

A technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease. It involves altering the genetic material of cells to correct a faulty gene or introduce a new gene.

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Stem Cell Therapy

A type of gene therapy that uses stem cells, which have the potential to develop into different types of cells. These cells are used to replace damaged or diseased cells.

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Benefits of Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology has potential to improve medical treatments, create lighter and stronger materials, and increase energy efficiency.

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Concerns of Nanotechnology

There are potential risks associated with nanotechnology, including the potential for toxicity to humans and the environment, as well as ethical concerns.

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Stem Cell Sources

Stem cells can be sourced from different places, including embryos, adult tissues (like bone marrow), and umbilical cord blood.

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Study Notes

GE-STS: Science, Technology, and Society - Module 6

  • Module Title: GE-STS: Science, Technology and Society, Nanoworld and Gene Therapy, Module 6
  • Learning Objectives:
    • Discuss the implication of nanotechnology in society.
    • Describe the concept of gene therapy and various forms.
    • Assess the potential benefits and detriments of nanoworld and stem cells to global health.
    • Value the learnings in nanoworld and gene therapy through reflective writing.
  • Overview:
    • Genetic engineering and its benefits, and potential harms were mentioned in previous modules.
    • Nanotechnology deals with infinitely small structures (the nanoworld).
    • Nanotechnology and nanodevice processing are rapidly developing.
    • Applications include energy, electronics, environmental science, food protection, and medicine.
    • Nanotechnology promises advancements in medicine, including new drug delivery, diagnostics, and gene therapy.
    • Potential consequences and unintended consequences, related to human and environmental health, must be examined.

Nanoworld

  • Nanometer (nm): One billionth of a meter, very small.
  • Nanoscale: The size scale of atoms and molecules, where important new phenomena occur, that are only visible using powerful microscopes.
  • Nanomaterials and Structures:
    • Nanomaterials, structures, devices, and systems are produced using scaled-up, reliable, and cost-effective nanomanufacturing techniques.
    • Two main manufacturing approaches: bottom-up (building up from atoms/molecules) and top-down (breaking down larger materials).
  • Viewing Nanomaterials:
    • Electron microscopes, atomic force microscopes, and scanning tunneling microscopes are used to see nanomaterials in detail.
    • Electron microscopes use electron beams to magnify images, and atomic force microscopes use a mechanical probe to study the surface characteristics of materials.
  • Benefits and Concerns of Nanotechnology:
    • Potential benefits: Improved detection and removal of contaminants, development of benign industrial processes, and improved medicine for different inherited and acquired diseases.
    • Potential concerns: High reactivity and toxicity, pervasive distribution in the environment, lacking nano-specific EPA regulation.

Gene Therapy

  • Concept: A potential method for treating or preventing diseases related to genes.
  • Basic Process:
    • Gene replacement: Replacing a mutated gene with a healthy copy.
    • Gene inactivation: Inactivating a mutated gene that functions improperly.
    • Gene introduction: Introducing a new gene to help fight a disease.
    • Gene delivery uses carriers, often modified viruses (vectors) to deliver normal human DNA, that don't harm the recipient cells.
  • Types of Gene Therapy:
    • Somatic gene therapy: Modifies genes in non-reproductive cells, providing benefits for the patient but not affecting future generations.
    • Germ-line gene therapy: Modifies genes in reproductive cells. This is more controversial due to risks of unforeseen consequences for future generations.

Stem Cell/Gene Therapy

  • Stem Cells:
    • Mother cells with potential to become any cell type under appropriate conditions.
    • Stem cells can be used for research to understand disease processes and create new treatments.
  • Sources of Stem Cells:
    • Embryonic stem cells: Derived from embryos, often surplus embryos from IVF clinics.
    • Somatic stem cells: Exist throughout the body after development, though their ability to differentiate into many types of cells is debated.

Evaluation & Reflection

  • Evaluation Questions: Answer questions on gene therapy, its forms and applications, and nanotechnology's impact.
  • Metacognitive Phrases: Complete phrases related to the benefits and concerns of gene therapy and nanotechnology.
  • Reflection: Write a reflection on the discussions about nanotechnology and gene therapy.

References

  • Information sources are listed, but references are omitted per instructions.

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Explore the implications of nanotechnology and gene therapy in society through this quiz. Understand the advancements and challenges in the nanoworld and their effects on global health. Reflect on the benefits and potential risks associated with these emerging technologies.

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