GE 102 History Chapter 1

Study Notes

Derived from the Greek term "HISTORIA," meaning inquiry or research.
Represents accounts of past events narrated chronologically.
Systematic accounts of natural phenomena organized in chronological order, as noted by Aristotle.
Learning inquiry about humanity's past according to Thucydides and Herodotus, regarded as the Fathers of History.
Viewed as a continuous dialogue between past and present, emphasizing historical interactions (E.H. Carr).
Narratives of significant thoughts and actions of civilized individuals throughout history, highlighted by Will Durant.
The theme of history centers on humanity's journey from barbarism to civilization, as stated by Jawaharlal Nehru.

Named in the 16th century after King Philip II of Spain; Ruy Lopez de Villalobos honored him by naming it "Las Islas Filipinas."
Other historical names include:
- Mayi/Ma-i/Tsin-san: Referred to as "Land of Gold" by Chinese traders.
- Maniolas: Introduced by Greek mapmaker Claudius Ptolemy, signifying Manila as the island of the East.
- Islas del Poniente: Name used by Portuguese explorers.
- Archipelago of St. Lazarus: Name given by Ferdinand Magellan in 1521.
- Felipinas: Named by Ruy Lopez de Villalobos.
- Filipinas: First appeared on a rare 1554 map by Giovanni Bautista Ramusi.
- Rizaline Republic: Proposed name by Katipunan General Artemio Ricarte in honor of Dr. Jose Rizal.
- Philippine Islands: Anglicanized name during the American colonial era.
- Republic of the Philippines: Official name adopted for the 7,107 islands post-independence in 1946.