GCSE Biology Higher Tier Paper 1H - May 2018

<p>Monitoring heart rates in a controlled environment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To ensure the solution is above pH 10 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bile enhances the emulsification of fats (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It aids in the digestion of milk fats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The temperature of the test tubes was not controlled (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reducing the volume of sodium carbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 hour 45 minutes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A ruler and a calculator (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cross through it (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vomiting and diarrhea (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Black ink or black ball-point pen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>100 marks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>How work is shown (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Do it in the booklet provided (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To maintain the integrity of the original assessment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2.27 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A decision was made not to provide a replacement question (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>06.8 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The average score of all students (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1000 mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4.5 µg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1046 kJ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8.4 g (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>605 mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pH level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pH of the solution (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6.0 g (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>percentage decrease = decrease in metabolic rate / original metabolic rate × 100 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Person S (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>99 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart rate steadily increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>91 (A), 91 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Person S reaches a higher heart rate than Person R after exercise. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>110 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decreases over time. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Salmonella bacteria, a type of bacteria that can cause food poisoning, can result in vomiting and diarrhea.

The symptoms are caused by the body's immune response to the Salmonella bacteria. When the immune system attacks the bacteria, it can cause inflammation in the digestive tract, leading to vomiting and diarrhea.

The rate at which something changes over time. For example, in this case, the heart rate decreases by 12 beats every minute.

The point where something stops changing or becomes stable. For example, the point where the heart rate of person S no longer decreases after resting.

A prediction or statement about what might happen based on observations and prior knowledge. In this case, the student is predicting that smokers' heart rates will increase more during exercise.

A planned procedure to test a hypothesis and gather data. It involves identifying variables, controlling conditions, and collecting measurements.

The independent variable is the factor that is changed or manipulated in an investigation. In this case, it is whether the person is a smoker or a non-smoker.

The average score students achieved on a particular question or section of an exam.

The highest possible score that a student could achieve on a particular question or section.

The number of marks allocated to a particular question or section of an exam.

A type of food intolerance caused by a deficiency in the enzyme lactase, which is needed to break down lactose in milk.

The sugar found in milk.

A type of protein found in milk.

A type of fat found in milk.

A nutrient found in milk.

The recommended daily allowance (RDA) is the amount of a nutrient that is recommended to be consumed daily to meet the needs of most healthy individuals.

The amount of a nutrient in a serving of food, such as milk.

A substance that changes color depending on the pH of a solution.

The measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution.

A substance that helps break down fats in the digestive system.

One of the types of carbohydrates.

A type of nutrient that is essential for building and repairing tissues.

The change in a value over time, expressed as a percentage compared to the original value. For example, if something decreases from 100 to 50, the percentage decrease is 50% because the change is 50 (100 - 50), and the original value was 100. It is calculated by dividing the decrease by the original value and multiplying by 100. (Decrease / Original Value) * 100.

The rate at which the body uses energy at rest.

A measure of the number of heartbeats per minute.

The effect of exercise on the body, causing an increase in heart rate and other physiological changes.

A type of exercise that is performed at a low intensity, causing a gradual increase in heart rate.

A difference in how two individuals respond to the same exercise. For example, two people might experience different levels of heart rate increase during gentle exercise.

A change in a variable, such as heart rate, over time.

To describe the differences in heart rate changes between two individuals during a given exercise period.

Lipase, an enzyme, breaks down fats in milk. The indicator changes color in the presence of fats. When lipase breaks down the fats, the indicator changes color, indicating a decrease in fat content.

The indicator is a chemical that changes color depending on the amount of fat present. When lipase, an enzyme, breaks down milk fat in the test tube, the indicator changes color. This color change denotes a depletion of fat in the solution. You can also say that the indicator changes color when the solution turns alkaline.

Bile helps to emulsify fats. This means it breaks down large fat molecules into smaller droplets. This makes the fats more accessible to lipase, allowing the enzyme to break down the fat more efficiently. This faster breakdown of fat results in a faster color change of the indicator, which is why the indicator turned colorless faster in the solution with bile.

The time it takes for the indicator to change color could be inaccurate due to variations in factors like the amount of lipase added, the temperature of the solution, or the concentration of the indicator itself. These factors can influence the rate of the reaction and the time it takes for the indicator to change colors.

The solution with bile showed a faster color change compared to the solution without bile. This indicates that the presence of bile accelerates the breakdown of fat molecules by lipase, leading to the indicator changing color faster and indicating a faster depletion of fat in the solution.