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Questions and Answers

What happens to the gravitational field strength as the mass of an object increases?

It increases proportionally. (correct)

It decreases substantially.

It becomes negligible.

It remains constant.

What is the formula for calculating weight?

Weight = Mass + Gravitational Field Strength

Weight = Distance / Time

Weight = Gravitational Field Strength / Mass

Weight = Mass × Gravitational Field Strength (correct)

What do we mean when we say work is done on an object?

Energy is transferred by a force moving the object. (correct)

Energy is conserved.

The object remains stationary.

The object increases in size.

If two forces acting on an object are equal and opposite, what is the resultant force?

Zero. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines velocity?

Velocity = Displacement / Time (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Newton's second law, how does mass affect acceleration?

Greater mass leads to less acceleration for a given force. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor would likely NOT affect a person's reaction time?

Increased age (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the two components that make up stopping distance?

Thinking distance and braking distance (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does displacement refer to in the context of waves?

The distance a point in the medium has moved from its rest position. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following electromagnetic waves has the longest wavelength?

Radio waves (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main effect of increasing the current in a wire carrying a magnetic field?

The force acting on the wire increases. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is formed when a wire is coiled into a spiral shape and carries an electric current?

A solenoid (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the strength of the magnetic field inside a solenoid when an iron core is added?

It becomes stronger. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is necessary to achieve the maximum motor effect force on a conductor?

The angle between the current and magnetic field must be 90 degrees. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about electromagnetic waves is false?

Electromagnetic waves are longitudinal waves. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does displacement change when a wave travels through a medium?

Displacement fluctuates as the point moves from rest position. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is deformation in the context of forces acting on an object?

The change in shape of the object due to applied force. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does Hooke's law relate to elastic objects?

It gives the relationship between force and extension of an elastic object. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of waves include sound waves and seismic P-waves?

Longitudinal waves (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of waves, what is the amplitude?

The maximum displacement of a point from its rest position. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is true about elastic potential energy stored in a spring?

It is calculated using the equation 1/2 × spring constant × extension squared. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes transverse waves?

Vibrations occur at right angles to the direction of wave travel. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is true about the rest position of a wave?

It is the undisturbed position of particles when not vibrating. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by a region of compression in longitudinal waves?

A part where particles are closely packed, creating high pressure. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physics

Gravity: All objects with mass produce a gravitational field. A more massive object has a greater gravitational field. Weight is calculated as mass multiplied by gravitational field strength. Units are Newtons, kilograms, and Newtons per kilogram.
Resultant Forces: Forces acting on an object can be added to find the resultant force. A resultant force of zero means the object is stationary.
Work Done and Energy Transfer: Work is the measure of energy transfer when a force moves an object through a distance. Work and energy transferred are measured in Joules. Four types of energy transfer: mechanical work, electrical work, heating, and radiation.
Distance and Displacement, Speed and Velocity: Speed is distance over time, measured in meters per second. Velocity is displacement over time, also measured in meters per second.
Forces, Acceleration, and Newton's Laws of Motion: Newton's second law: Resultant force equals mass multiplied by acceleration (F=ma). Units are Newtons, kilograms, and meters per second squared.

Forces and Elasticity

Forces and Breaking: Stopping distance is think distance plus braking distance. Factors affecting reaction time: tiredness, drugs, alcohol, distractions.
Forces and Elasticity: Changes in shape (bending, stretching, compressing) are called deformation. Elastic deformation reverses when the force is removed; inelastic deformation creates a permanent change.
Hooke's Law: Extension (increase in length) or compression (decrease in length) in an elastic object (like a spring) is described by Hooke's Law (force = spring constant x extension). Units: Newtons, Newtons per meter, meters.
Energy Stored in a Spring: Work is done when a spring is extended or compressed, storing elastic potential energy. Elastic potential energy is calculated as 1/2 x spring constant x (extension)^2. Units: Joules, Newtons per meter, meters.

Transverse and Longitudinal Waves

Transverse and Longitudinal Waves: Longitudinal waves (sound, ultrasound, seismic P-waves) have vibrations parallel to the direction of wave travel. They show compression (high pressure) and rarefaction (low pressure) regions. Transverse waves (ripples on water, electromagnetic waves, vibrations on guitar strings) have vibrations perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.
Properties of Waves: Rest position is the undisturbed position of particles. Amplitude is the maximum displacement from rest. Wavelength is the distance covered by one full cycle. Time period is the time for one full cycle. Frequency is the number of waves passing a point.

Electromagnetic Waves and Measurement

Electromagnetic Waves: Electromagnetic waves range from radio waves to gamma rays, all traveling at 300,000,000 meters per second in a vacuum.
Electromagnetism: Electric currents create circular magnetic fields around wires. Solenoids create stronger, more uniform magnetic fields. Electromagnets use iron cores to increase field strength. Fleming's left-hand rule shows the relationship between force, current, and magnetic field.
Measuring Waves in a Ripple Tank: A ripple tank measures wave properties like frequency, wavelength, and speed. Wave speed equals frequency multiplied by wavelength.