HIV

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Questions and Answers

What are opportunist

They are organism that take advantage of a defective defense system (immune system)

What are types of immune deficiency diseases caused by opportunist

Congenital immune diseases : is inherited or caused by defect in T or B cells or both for example DiGeorge syndrome (due to the absence of thymus) Severe combined deficiency (due to the absence of lymphoid tissue). 2. Acquired immune deficiency diseases: occurs due to infections caused by some organisms eg AUDS

What are some facts about HIV

HIV has killed an estimated total of 42.3 M people. 2. 39.9 M people were living with it (2023 stats). 3. 65% of them were in the African region. 4. 630 000 people has died from hiv related causes. 5. 1.3 M acquired in 2023. 6. 86% knew their status. 7. 77% of them were on antiretroviral therapy. 8. 72% had suppressed HIV LOADS

What are viruses

They are microscopic germs that are unable to replicate themselves they have to find and infect a new cells to act as a host in which new viruses are produced Signup and view all the answers

When viruses are outside a cell?

They are known as virons and are surrounded by a protective envelope Signup and view all the answers

When is a person diagnosed with AIDS

When the CD4 count is less than 200 per cubic millimeter of blood Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 groups of viruses

<ol> <li>DNA viruses: those whose genetic material are made up of DNA. 2. RNA viruses: those whose genetic materials consist of RNA Eg HIV</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What cells do HIV target

Immune cells carrying a receptor molecule called CD4 e.g T helper cells macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What are retroviruses

They are viruses that have the ability to convert their genetic material from RNA to DNA via is reverse transcriptase enzymes in order to permanently lodge themselves into their host cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the signs and symptoms

Fever. Headache. Weight loss. Swollen lymph nodes. Rash. Sore throat . Diarrhea and cough Signup and view all the answers

What are the illnesses that HIV can cause

Tuberculosis. Severe bacterial infection. Cancers like lymphomas and Kaposi’s sacoma Cryptococcal meningitis. Hepatitis B. Hepatitis c. Mpox Signup and view all the answers

Is there a cure for HIV

No Signup and view all the answers

What drug is used to treat HIV

Anti retroviral drugs/ therapy. ART Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of ART

<ol> <li>It dissent cure the virus it reduces the virus. 2. It make a persons immune system stronger. 3. It prevents the share of HIV to sexual partners. 4. It stops the virus from replicating in the body. 5. It must be taken everyday for the rest of the persons life ( this helps them to fight other infections)</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are immune deficiency diseases

They are group of diseases caused by the deficiency lacking or defective status of the immune system Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Opportunists

Organisms exploiting a weakened immune system to cause infection.

Immune Deficiency Disease Types

Immune disorders can be inherited (congenital) or acquired, like AIDS.

HIV Signs & Symptoms

HIV can cause flu-like symptoms. It can also destroy immune cells. People living with HIV can live long and healthy lives by taking medicine called antiretroviral therapy (ART).