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Questions and Answers
What is the main function of gills in marine gastropods?
What is the main function of gills in marine gastropods?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bivalves?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bivalves?
What is the function of the BYSSUS in bivalves?
What is the function of the BYSSUS in bivalves?
What is the main difference between gastropods and bivalves?
What is the main difference between gastropods and bivalves?
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What is the function of the tentacles in some bivalves?
What is the function of the tentacles in some bivalves?
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Which of the following is a characteristic of gastropod eyes?
Which of the following is a characteristic of gastropod eyes?
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What is the main benefit of bivalves burying themselves in sediment?
What is the main benefit of bivalves burying themselves in sediment?
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Which of the following is an example of a bivalve?
Which of the following is an example of a bivalve?
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What is a characteristic feature of mollusks?
What is a characteristic feature of mollusks?
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What is the main function of the radula in mollusks?
What is the main function of the radula in mollusks?
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Which class of mollusks includes squid and octopus?
Which class of mollusks includes squid and octopus?
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What is a characteristic feature of gastropods?
What is a characteristic feature of gastropods?
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What is the outer organic layer of the shell in mollusks?
What is the outer organic layer of the shell in mollusks?
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Which of the following is NOT a class of mollusks?
Which of the following is NOT a class of mollusks?
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What is the main function of the mantle in mollusks?
What is the main function of the mantle in mollusks?
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Which of the following is an example of a bivalve?
Which of the following is an example of a bivalve?
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What is unique about the eyes of scallops?
What is unique about the eyes of scallops?
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What is the average life span of a giant clam?
What is the average life span of a giant clam?
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What do nudibranchs feed on?
What do nudibranchs feed on?
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What is the function of chromatophores in cephalopods?
What is the function of chromatophores in cephalopods?
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What is unique about the shell of squids?
What is unique about the shell of squids?
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How do squids defend against predators?
How do squids defend against predators?
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What is the maximum recorded size of a giant squid?
What is the maximum recorded size of a giant squid?
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What is unique about the body of octopuses?
What is unique about the body of octopuses?
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Study Notes
Mollusks
- Second largest animal phylum with over 100,000 species
- Two unifying characteristics:
- Calcium carbonate shell
- Muscular foot for locomotion
- Some live in marine, fresh water, and terrestrial environments
- May weigh up to 900 kg and grow to nearly 20 m long, but 80% are under 10 cm in size
- Most mollusks are dioecious, some are hermaphroditic
General Characteristics
- Body plan consists of three main parts:
- Muscular foot
- Visceral mass (containing digestive, circulatory, respiratory, and reproductive organs)
- Mantle
- Radula is a rasping, protrusible feeding structure found in most molluscs
- Calcareous shell is secreted by the mantle and is lined by it, consisting of three layers:
- Periostracum (outer organic layer)
- Prismatic layer (calcium carbonate)
- Nacreous layer
Gastropods
- Mostly marine, but some live in fresh water and others are terrestrial
- Most gastropods have one shell, typically coiled or spiraled
- Numerous species have an operculum, a trapdoor to close the shell
- Feed using radula, can be herbivores, carnivores, or omnivores
- Respire through gills in marine species and lungs in terrestrial species
- Reproduce sexually, with some species exhibiting mating dances and using love darts
Bivalves
- Have a laterally compressed body enclosed by a shell in two hinged parts
- Most are filter feeders and have no head or radula
- Gills are specialized for feeding and breathing
- Most bivalves bury themselves in sediment to avoid predation
- Some bivalves can swim, such as scallops
- Sensory organs are not well developed, but some have simple eyes on the margin of the mantle
Cephalopods
- Modified foot is concentrated in head regions with sides of foot drawn out into arms and tentacles with suckers
- Habitat is marine, and they are carnivores
- Can change color using chromatophores
- Examples include squid, octopuses, and cuttlefish
Squid
- Have an internal shell
- Have eight arms and two tentacles to capture prey
- Strong swimmers, with some species able to fly short distances out of water
- Feed on small mollusks, crabs, shrimps, and fish
- Reproduce sexually with internal fertilization
- Have an ink sac that expels content to confuse predators
Octopuses
- Have two eyes and four pairs of arms
- Do not have internal or external skeleton
- Among the most intelligent marine invertebrates
Giant Squid
- Deep-ocean dwelling squid that can grow up to 13 meters in size and weigh up to 270 kg
- First photograph of this giant invertebrate was taken in 2004 in Japan
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Description
Learn about the characteristics of gastropods, including their feeding habits, respiration, reproduction, and sensory organs. Discover the unique features of these animals!
