22 Questions
What is the primary function of the gastrointestinal tract?
Absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream
What type of digestion occurs in the stomach and small intestine?
Both mechanical and chemical digestion
What is the role of the salivary glands in digestion?
To secrete enzymes to break down carbohydrates
What is the term for the passage of molecules through the plasma membranes of cells lining the stomach and intestines into the blood and lymph?
Absorption
What is the term for the muscles in the organ wall that rhythmically contract and relax to mix food and secretions together and to move the mixture through the system?
Mixing and Propulsion
What is the term for the breakdown of food into molecules small enough to be absorbed?
Digestion
What is the function of the saliva produced by the salivary glands?
to break down carbohydrates
Which of the following is NOT a layer of the GI tract?
Adventitia
What is the function of the muscularis mucosae?
to create folds in the mucosa
Which of the following is responsible for controlling the passage of food from the pharynx to the esophagus?
Upper esophageal sphincter
What is the name of the contractions that move food through the GI tract?
Peristalsis
What is the function of the enteric nervous system?
to regulate digestion and absorption
What is the name of the fold that binds organs to one another and to the walls of the abdominal cavity?
Peritoneal fold
What is the main function of the pancreatic juice secreted by the pancreas?
Emulsification of fats
What is the name of the hormone secreted by G cells in the stomach?
Gastrin
What is the main function of the liver?
Regulation of blood sugar levels
What is the name of the valve that separates the small intestine from the large intestine?
Ileocecal valve
What is the name of the process by which the liver breaks down fats to produce ATP?
Beta oxidation
What is the name of the phase of digestion that occurs when food is in the mouth?
Cephalic phase
What is the name of the cells that produce mucous in the stomach?
Mucous neck cells
What is the name of the duct that joins the pancreatic duct to form the common bile duct?
Accessory duct
What is the name of the process by which the liver removes bilirubin from the blood?
Bilirubin elimination
Learn about the organs and processes of the gastrointestinal system, including digestion, absorption, and the structures involved. This quiz covers the basics of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory digestive organs.
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