Gastrointestinal Disorders Quiz

A condition characterized by small, pouch-like bulges that form in the lining of the colon, most commonly in the sigmoid colon.

Small, pouch-like bulges in the lining of the colon, caused by herniation of mucosa and submucosa between circular muscle fibers.

Inflammation of the diverticula, often caused by fecal stasis and involvement of the lymphatic system.

The role of the colon in protecting itself from mechanical and chemical irritation through mucus secretion.

The process by which the colon absorbs water, electrolytes, vitamins, ammonium, bile salts, urea, and medications.

The superior mesenteric artery supplies blood to the right colon, including the cecum and ascending colon, and the right half of the transverse colon.

The inferior mesenteric artery and sigmoid arteries (superior, middle, and inferior) supply blood to the remaining parts of the colon.

The network of lymphatic vessels and nodes that drain the colon, contributing to its overall immune function.

A common symptom of diverticulosis, often felt as intermittent pain in the lower abdomen.

A common symptom of diverticulosis, characterized by a feeling of fullness, bloating, and discomfort in the abdomen.

A procedure using a flexible tube with a camera to view the rectum and sigmoid colon.

A procedure using a longer flexible tube with a camera to view the entire colon.

Small growths or abnormal tissue protrusions in the colon.

A condition characterized by widespread polyps throughout the colon, often with familial inheritance.

An inflammatory bowel disease that primarily affects the rectum and colon, causing ulcers and bleeding.

A digestive disorder most common between the ages of 24 and 45, but can occur earlier or later, affecting both men and women equally.

The exact cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown, but there are many potential factors that may contribute to its development, including bacterial, allergic, immune, enzymatic, and psychosomatic factors.

Ulcerative colitis is more prevalent in economically developed countries, with an increasing frequency and more severe forms in developing nations.

Ulcerative colitis is characterized by initial mucosal changes such as redness, swelling, and pinpoint bleeding, followed by ulcerations of varying sizes with a hemorrhagic base, eventually leading to scarring and sclerosis.

Ulcerative colitis has three clinical forms: benign, average, and severe, each with varying degrees of severity and localization within the colon.

A type of colonic cancer characterized by a bulky, endolumenally growing tumor with areas of softening and hemorrhage, often leading to colon obstruction.

A type of colonic cancer caused by ischemic necrosis of the tumor, resulting in a bleeding crater and potential evolution into a vegetative form.

A type of colonic cancer where the tumor infiltrates the colonic wall circularly, leading to luminal stenosis and a rigid, colic-induced feeling.

A type of colonic cancer characterized by a voluminous, soft, gelatinous, hemorrhagic, and often infected tumor.

A type of colonic cancer that arises from the malignant transformation of a villous tumor, presenting as a soft, friable tumor with wide implantation and potential circumferential invasion.

A rare type of colonic carcinoma that infiltrates diffusely, resembling plastic linnet, with poorly demarcated edges and multiple exulcerations.

Inherited conditions that increase the risk of colon cancer.

Factors related to a person's environment that influence their risk of developing colon cancer.

A type of colon cancer located in the sigmoid colon, which is the most common location for this type of cancer.

A diagnostic test that uses X-rays to visualize the colon, aiding in the detection of polyps, tumors, and other abnormalities.

A medical imaging technique that uses sound waves to create images of internal organs, including the colon and surrounding structures.

A blood test that measures the levels of a protein called carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), which can be elevated in certain cancers, including colon cancer.

The narrowing of the bowel lumen, often due to scar tissue or tumor growth, making it difficult for food to pass through.

Excessive bleeding from the bowel, often a serious complication of inflammatory bowel diseases, diverticulitis, and colorectal cancer.

The perforation of the bowel wall, allowing intestinal contents to leak into the abdominal cavity, leading to serious infection.

A surgical procedure to remove a segment of the colon, typically when there's a tumor or other obstruction.

A surgical procedure to create an artificial anus, bypassing the rectum and colon, to allow for drainage of waste.