Gastrointestinal Disorders Overview
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Gastrointestinal Disorders Overview

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Questions and Answers

What effects does norepinephrine release have on gastrointestinal function during stress?

  • Decreased enzyme release
  • Inhibition of secretions (correct)
  • Increased motility
  • Increased sphincter tone (correct)

    • What is the most appropriate nursing action upon discovering white lesions in a client with AIDS?

  • Make a referral to the unit's dietitian.
  • Attempt to remove the lesions with a tongue depressor.
  • Encourage the client to gargle with salt water.
  • Inform the primary provider of this finding. (correct)

    • How should a nurse best describe a peptic ulcer to a client diagnosed with this condition?

  • Bleeding from the mucosa in the stomach
  • Viral invasion of the stomach wall
  • Erosion of the lining of the stomach or intestine (correct)
  • Inflammation of the lining of the stomach

    • How should the nurse reassure a client about the safety of an abdominal ultrasound?

    <p>It poses no known safety risks of any kind.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor most likely contributed to the late diagnosis of a client with gastric cancer?

    <p>The early symptoms of gastric cancer are usually not alarming or highly unusual</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nurse's priority when suctioning a client who has undergone a neck dissection?

    <p>Avoid applying suction on or near the suture line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be integrated into the care of a client with Barrett esophagus?

    <p>Monitor closely for malignant changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate discharge outcome for a client recovering from gastric surgery?

    <p>Weight is maintained or gained.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which data should the nurse consider most significantly related to the etiology of chronic gastritis?

    <p>Smokes one pack of cigarettes daily.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client with significant psychosocial stress is likely to experience what change in gastrointestinal function?

    <p>Decreased peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a community health nurse anticipate including in the care plan for a client after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer?

    <p>Administration of injections of vitamin B12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential impact of stress on digestive enzyme release?

    <p>Decreased enzyme secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical cause of Helicobacter pylori infection that a nurse should inform a client?

    <p>Contaminated food or water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the priority nursing intervention after a client’s grafting procedure?

    <p>Monitor the graft site for signs of infection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the symptoms of gastric cancer is true?

    <p>They may resemble symptoms of less serious conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary change is most important for a client recovering from gastric surgery to promote healing?

    <p>Increasing protein intake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse assess a client for after scheduling a total gastrectomy due to feelings of body mutilation?

    <p>Disturbed body image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which health problem should the nurse consider referring the client to the primary provider for assessment?

    <p>GI malignancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary adjustment should be taught to a client with chronic constipation?

    <p>Consume high-residue, high-fiber foods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best initial action for a nurse observing bright red stoma with slight blood on a client who had an ileostomy three days ago?

    <p>Document these expected findings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In assessing a client with acute diverticulitis, what should the nurse do if the client shows a sudden increase in temperature and abdominal rigidity?

    <p>Contact the primary care provider promptly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a client presenting with symptoms of a small bowel obstruction, which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

    <p>Insertion of a nasogastric tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In managing a client with dumping syndrome, which teaching point is essential for the nurse to cover?

    <p>Eat small, frequent meals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition could lead to esophageal or gastric obstruction that the nurse should assess in a newly admitted client?

    <p>Gastric cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What area of assessment should the nurse prioritize for a patient who underwent surgery for esophageal cancer?

    <p>The client's airway patency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention should the nurse include in the immediate postoperative plan of care for a client who had esophageal surgery?

    <p>Positioning the client to prevent gastric reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When addressing long-term needs for a client who had oral cancer surgery, which goal should be prioritized?

    <p>Enhancement of verbal communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What finding in wound drainage during the first 24 hours post neck dissection should prompt the nurse to notify the healthcare provider?

    <p>60 mL of milky or cloudy drainage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication may be prescribed to increase the pace of gastric emptying for a client with GERD?

    <p>Metoclopramide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advice should a nurse give to a client diagnosed with a hiatal hernia regarding meal consumption?

    <p>&quot;Instead of eating three meals a day, try eating smaller amounts more often.&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should the nurse ensure is included in discharge teaching for a client with a rigid fixation of a mandibular fracture?

    <p>Maintaining a soft diet to promote healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention is most appropriate for a nurse to implement when caring for a client recovering from neck dissection?

    <p>Assessing the incision site for infection daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which assessment is crucial for identifying a major complication of total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?

    <p>Checking the client's capillary blood glucose levels regularly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition indicates the need to start parenteral nutrition (PN) for a client with acute pancreatitis?

    <p>Inability to take in adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle should guide the nurse when administering intravenous fat emulsions concurrently with parenteral nutrition?

    <p>Intravenous fat emulsions may be infused simultaneously with PN through a Y-connector close to the infusion site and should not be filtered.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action should the nurse take when initiating parenteral nutrition (PN) for a postoperative client?

    <p>Initiating the infusion slowly and monitoring the client's fluid and glucose tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk of becoming dependent on laxatives?

    <p>Development of chronic constipation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of parenteral nutrition, what does the term 'infusion rate' refer to?

    <p>The volume of nutritional solution infused into the client per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When monitoring a client receiving TPN, which finding would be of greatest concern?

    <p>Capillary blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using a Y-connector for intravenous fat emulsions with PN?

    <p>Allows for simultaneous infusion without significant risk of incompatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gastrointestinal Disorders

    • Norepinephrine release due to stress can cause decreased gastrointestinal motility, increased sphincter tone, and inhibition of secretions.

    • White lesions on the oral mucosa in a client with AIDS could be a sign of oral candidiasis (thrush), and this finding should be reported to the primary provider.

    • Abdominal ultrasound is considered safe in clients who are not pregnant.

    • Suctioning a client after a modified radical neck dissection: Avoid applying suction on or near the suture line.

    • Barrett esophagus is a condition where the lining of the esophagus changes to resemble the lining of the stomach. This can lead to malignant changes, and thus the client needs to be closely monitored.

    • Postoperative care for a client who underwent esophageal cancer surgery: Focus on maintaining airway patency, preventing gastric reflux, and promoting oxygenation with chest physiotherapy. Long term care focuses on enhancing verbal communication and providing support.

    • Jackson-Pratt drain drainage after neck dissection: Milky or cloudy drainage is concerning and should be reported to the healthcare provider.

    • Metoclopramide is a medication that can increase the pace of gastric emptying, which can be beneficial in managing GERD symptoms.

    • Hiatal hernia: Clients with a hiatal hernia should eat smaller amounts more frequently.

    • Rigid fixation of a mandibular fracture: Educate the client on appropriate wound care and follow-up appointments.

    • Peptic ulcer disease: It is a condition characterized by erosion of the lining of the stomach or intestine.

    • Gastric cancer: Late diagnosis is often attributed to vague and nonalarming early symptoms.

    • Post-gastric surgery: Aim for maintaining or gaining weight after surgery, as this indicates adequate recovery and nutritional intake.

    • Chronic gastritis: Smoking is a major risk factor for chronic gastritis.

    • Total gastrectomy: Clients often require enteral feeding via a gastrostomy tube (G tube) after this surgery.

    • H. pylori infection: It is usually acquired through oral-oral or fecal-oral routes.

    • Dumping syndrome: It is a common complication after gastric surgery where food moves too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine.

    • Total gastrectomy for gastric cancer: Address the client's concerns about body image due to the surgery.

    • Chronic constipation: Promote normal bowel function with a high-residue, high-fiber diet and regular physical activity.

    • Ileostomy: A bright red stoma with scant blood is expected after surgery and does not require specific action.

    • Acute diverticulitis: A sudden increase in temperature, exquisite abdominal tenderness, and abdominal rigidity are signs of possible perforation and require urgent medical attention.

    • Small bowel obstruction: Insertion of a nasogastric tube is prioritized to decompress the bowel.

    • Laxative dependence: Long-term use of laxatives can lead to decreased bowel function and electrolyte imbalances.

    • **Total parenteral nutrition (TPN): ** Monitoring blood glucose levels helps identify a major complication of TPN, hyperglycemia.

    • Acute pancreatitis: TPN is indicated if the client is unable to meet nutritional needs orally for 7 days.

    • Intravenous fat emulsions: They can be infused simultaneously with PN through a Y-connector close to the infusion site and should not be filtered.

    • Starting parenteral nutrition (PN): Begin slowly and monitor the client's fluid and glucose tolerance.

    • Discontinuing parenteral nutrition: Gradually wean the client off PN and monitor for signs of hypoglycemia.

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    Description

    This quiz covers critical concepts related to gastrointestinal disorders, including the effects of norepinephrine on motility and conditions like Barrett esophagus. It also touches on essential postoperative care and signs of oral infections in immunocompromised patients. Test your knowledge on these important gastrointestinal health issues.

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