Podcast
Questions and Answers
Bowel obstruction can be classified into two types: mechanical and ______.
Bowel obstruction can be classified into two types: mechanical and ______.
non-mechanical
Small bowel obstructions can be caused by factors such as hernia, abdominal surgery, and ______.
Small bowel obstructions can be caused by factors such as hernia, abdominal surgery, and ______.
adhesions
Symptoms of large bowel obstruction include lower abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, and ______.
Symptoms of large bowel obstruction include lower abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, and ______.
constipation
A colostomy creates an opening in the abdominal wall to divert the ______.
A colostomy creates an opening in the abdominal wall to divert the ______.
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To manage Dumping Syndrome, patients are advised to increase their intake of fats and ______.
To manage Dumping Syndrome, patients are advised to increase their intake of fats and ______.
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Hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach bulges through the ______.
Hiatal hernia occurs when part of the stomach bulges through the ______.
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In cases of bowel obstruction, the nursing intervention includes keeping the patient ______.
In cases of bowel obstruction, the nursing intervention includes keeping the patient ______.
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After meals, it is recommended to have a patient lie down for ______ hour to help with Dumping Syndrome.
After meals, it is recommended to have a patient lie down for ______ hour to help with Dumping Syndrome.
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Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by a sore in the mucosal wall of the ______ tract.
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is characterized by a sore in the mucosal wall of the ______ tract.
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Nursing interventions for colostomy care include assessing skin integrity around the ______.
Nursing interventions for colostomy care include assessing skin integrity around the ______.
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Coffee brown emesis is associated with ______.
Coffee brown emesis is associated with ______.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) can cause ______, dysphagia, and chest pain.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) can cause ______, dysphagia, and chest pain.
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Esophageal varices occur when blood flow to the liver is blocked by the ______.
Esophageal varices occur when blood flow to the liver is blocked by the ______.
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A dark or dusky stoma indicates ______ blood supply.
A dark or dusky stoma indicates ______ blood supply.
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In Crohn's Disease, a diet should be low fat, high protein, and free of ______ foods.
In Crohn's Disease, a diet should be low fat, high protein, and free of ______ foods.
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Ulcerative Colitis primarily affects the ______ intestine and rectum.
Ulcerative Colitis primarily affects the ______ intestine and rectum.
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Liver damage and scarring seen in cirrhosis can lead to elevated ______ levels.
Liver damage and scarring seen in cirrhosis can lead to elevated ______ levels.
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In pancreatitis, Cullen and Turner’s sign indicate ______ in the abdominal area.
In pancreatitis, Cullen and Turner’s sign indicate ______ in the abdominal area.
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Cholecystitis is characterized by gallbladder inflammation due to the buildup of ______.
Cholecystitis is characterized by gallbladder inflammation due to the buildup of ______.
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Stopping TPN abruptly can lead to ______.
Stopping TPN abruptly can lead to ______.
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Study Notes
Gastrointestinal Disorders
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Bowel Obstruction: Two types: mechanical (object) and non-mechanical (paralytic ileus). Small bowel obstruction causes cramping, nausea, vomiting, and mid-abdominal pain, with severe constipation. Large bowel obstruction is a medical emergency, with symptoms including lower abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation, and lack of appetite. Nursing interventions include nothing by mouth (NPO), intravenous fluids, input/output monitoring, and nasogastric (NG) tube with low suction, and pain management.
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Colostomy: A surgical procedure where the colon is diverted to an opening in the abdominal wall, temporary or permanent. Nursing care includes assessing skin integrity, cleaning the stoma with water, preventing liquid stool from overflowing the bag, and teaching colostomy care.
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Dumping Syndrome: A condition after stomach surgery causing abdominal pain. Treatment involves consuming small meals, high protein and fat, and waiting one hour after meals before drinking fluids.
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Hiatal Hernia: A part of the stomach pushes through the diaphragm, leading to heartburn and abdominal pain. Nursing interventions include eating small, frequent meals, eliminating trigger foods, and having the patient sit upright for an hour after eating, and placing the patient in a Fowler or semi-Fowler position to reduce regurgitation.
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Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD): A sore in the lining of the gastrointestinal tract often caused by H. pylori. Symptoms may include coffee-brown emesis (vomiting) and melena stool (dark, tarry stool). Nursing care involves monitoring stools for occult blood, providing medications for healing, and recommending small frequent meals.
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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain. Triggers include spicy and fatty foods, caffeine, chocolate, citrus fruits. Treatment involves avoiding triggers, small, frequent meals, and medications such as H2 antagonists, PPIs, or antacids.
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Esophageal Varices: Enlarged veins in the esophagus due to blocked blood flow. Symptoms include difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), and potential rupture leading to hemorrhage. Management focuses on maintaining an open airway, monitoring for rupture, hemorrhage, and suctioning when needed, along with coagulants, vitamin K, and vasopressors.
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Stoma Care: A stoma is an opening on the abdomen. Healthy stomas are pinkish, while dark or dusky stomas may indicate poor blood supply (necrosis). Protruding stomas are a sign of prolapse.
Other Gastrointestinal Issues
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Crohn's Disease: Inflammation of the digestive tract. Low-fat, high-protein diets with no dairy or spicy foods are recommended. Nursing interventions include monitoring input/output, electrolytes, and weight, and educating the patient on avoiding alcohol, smoking, and caffeine.
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Ulcerative Colitis: Inflammation of the large intestine and rectum. Symptoms include blood and mucus in stools, abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, and anemia. Nursing care includes monitoring diet and bowel patterns, educating the patient about triggers.
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Cirrhosis: Liver damage due to scarring. Jaundice and a palpable liver are common symptoms. Drugs are processed slower with liver problems, so medication dosage needs to be adjusted. Monitoring fluid intake, output, and daily weight is crucial for liver disease. Avoiding actions that could cause bleeding is necessary.
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Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis A is often related to bowel issues, Hepatitis B and C are transmitted through blood and body fluids. Symptoms and treatments vary depending on the type of Hepatitis. Hepatitis C is more likely to become chronic than Hepatitis B.
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Pancreatitis: Digestive enzymes damage the pancreas. Symptoms include Cullen and Turner signs (discoloration of the umbilical area and bruising of the flanks). Treatment includes pain management, nothing by mouth (NPO), intravenous fluids, and possibly total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to give nutrients.
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Cholecystitis: Inflammation of the gallbladder, often due to gallstones. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, right upper quadrant pain, radiating to the right shoulder blade, especially after eating fatty foods. Treatment involves NPO, IV fluids, antibiotics, and pain relief.
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Enema: Administering a solution into the rectum to stimulate bowel movements. Watch for signs of water intoxication (weakness, pallor, dizziness) and proper fluid balance.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts related to gastrointestinal disorders, including bowel obstructions, colostomies, and dumping syndrome. Test your knowledge on the types, symptoms, and nursing interventions associated with these conditions. Perfect for nursing students and healthcare professionals seeking to reinforce their understanding.
