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What is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of an individual’s stomach through the mouth and at times through the nose known as?
What is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of an individual’s stomach through the mouth and at times through the nose known as?
Emesis
What are some of the causes of emesis?
What are some of the causes of emesis?
What is the feeling that an individual is about to vomit or throw up known as?
What is the feeling that an individual is about to vomit or throw up known as?
Nausea
Emesis may at times lead to some complications which may be dangerous and require immediate treatments.
Emesis may at times lead to some complications which may be dangerous and require immediate treatments.
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What are the gastric secretions that are usually expelled during emesis due to gastritis, known for?
What are the gastric secretions that are usually expelled during emesis due to gastritis, known for?
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What are some examples of endogenous emetic substances that may cause emesis?
What are some examples of endogenous emetic substances that may cause emesis?
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What is the term used to describe the condition when fresh blood is sometimes seen in a process of emesis?
What is the term used to describe the condition when fresh blood is sometimes seen in a process of emesis?
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What is the term used to describe the type of emesis that occurs in case of severe emesis where there is a duodenal contraction?
What is the term used to describe the type of emesis that occurs in case of severe emesis where there is a duodenal contraction?
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What are the two phases of emesis?
What are the two phases of emesis?
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What is the first phase of emesis where nothing expels out, but the patient may be experiencing violent hiccups?
What is the first phase of emesis where nothing expels out, but the patient may be experiencing violent hiccups?
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What is the next phase in the act of emesis where an intense pressure in the stomach is formed, brought about by enormous shifts in both the diaphragm as well as the abdomen?
What is the next phase in the act of emesis where an intense pressure in the stomach is formed, brought about by enormous shifts in both the diaphragm as well as the abdomen?
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Delayed emesis occurs after 5 days of chemotherapy.
Delayed emesis occurs after 5 days of chemotherapy.
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Delayed emesis is quite difficult to treat with standard antiemetic drugs
Delayed emesis is quite difficult to treat with standard antiemetic drugs
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What is the medication that is mostly used for delayed emesis, usually after 2-5 days of chemotherapy?
What is the medication that is mostly used for delayed emesis, usually after 2-5 days of chemotherapy?
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What kind of emesis is conditioned by previous reactions to chemotherapy?
What kind of emesis is conditioned by previous reactions to chemotherapy?
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What kind of emesis occurs in every 2-3 months, and is commonly attributed to migraine?
What kind of emesis occurs in every 2-3 months, and is commonly attributed to migraine?
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What kind of emesis refers to the process of throwing up of gastric contents with great force?
What kind of emesis refers to the process of throwing up of gastric contents with great force?
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Projectile Emesis can sometimes cause materials to expel out of a person's nose.
Projectile Emesis can sometimes cause materials to expel out of a person's nose.
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What is one of the serious complications of emesis or vomiting?
What is one of the serious complications of emesis or vomiting?
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Emesis can lead to depletion in the water content of the body and may also alter the electrolyte status.
Emesis can lead to depletion in the water content of the body and may also alter the electrolyte status.
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Emesis due to gastritis leads to direct loss of acids or protons and chloride
Emesis due to gastritis leads to direct loss of acids or protons and chloride
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Emesis can be seriously dangerous if the gastric content enters the respiratory tract.
Emesis can be seriously dangerous if the gastric content enters the respiratory tract.
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If the gastric content enters the respiratory tract a person may choke and meet with a condition of an aspiration pneumonia.
If the gastric content enters the respiratory tract a person may choke and meet with a condition of an aspiration pneumonia.
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Continuous emesis can cause destruction of the tooth enamel.
Continuous emesis can cause destruction of the tooth enamel.
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Continuous emesis can cause ill oral health as the tissues of the gums are degraded by the process of emesis.
Continuous emesis can cause ill oral health as the tissues of the gums are degraded by the process of emesis.
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Continuous and repeated emesis may cause erosions to the oesophagus
Continuous and repeated emesis may cause erosions to the oesophagus
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Continuous and repeated emesis may cause small tears in the oesophageal mucosa.
Continuous and repeated emesis may cause small tears in the oesophageal mucosa.
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What kind of drug is used to treat emesis?
What kind of drug is used to treat emesis?
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Antiemetic drugs are known to be effective against emesis and nausea.
Antiemetic drugs are known to be effective against emesis and nausea.
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Antiemetic drugs are mostly used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of medications like chemotherapy.
Antiemetic drugs are mostly used to treat motion sickness and the side effects of medications like chemotherapy.
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Antiemetic drugs are classified into several classes.
Antiemetic drugs are classified into several classes.
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What class of antiemetic drug is mainly used to prevent motion sickness?
What class of antiemetic drug is mainly used to prevent motion sickness?
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Hallucinations may occur when anticholinergic drugs are taken in large doses.
Hallucinations may occur when anticholinergic drugs are taken in large doses.
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Antiemetic drugs are mainly used for motion sickness.
Antiemetic drugs are mainly used for motion sickness.
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Antiemetic drugs have an additional anticholinergic action.
Antiemetic drugs have an additional anticholinergic action.
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Antiemetic drugs may cause side effects
Antiemetic drugs may cause side effects
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Antiemetic drugs are mostly used as antipsychotic agents.
Antiemetic drugs are mostly used as antipsychotic agents.
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Antiemetic drugs have aantinarinanic action.
Antiemetic drugs have aantinarinanic action.
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Antiemetics which are good for anticipatory nausea and emesis before cancer therapy are a class of antiemetic drugs.
Antiemetics which are good for anticipatory nausea and emesis before cancer therapy are a class of antiemetic drugs.
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Antiemetics are also used for treating vestibular disorders.
Antiemetics are also used for treating vestibular disorders.
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One of the most effective treatments available for treating and preventing serious emesis occurring due to cancer chemotherapy is antiemetic drugs.
One of the most effective treatments available for treating and preventing serious emesis occurring due to cancer chemotherapy is antiemetic drugs.
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It is known that about 85% of patients achieve complete control of emesis with antiemetic drugs
It is known that about 85% of patients achieve complete control of emesis with antiemetic drugs
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Ginger is an effective natural antiemetic, that can be eaten or consumed as tea.
Ginger is an effective natural antiemetic, that can be eaten or consumed as tea.
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Drinking rice water is an effective home remedy, that can reduce the act of emesis and is especially known to help those who experience emesis due to gastritis.
Drinking rice water is an effective home remedy, that can reduce the act of emesis and is especially known to help those who experience emesis due to gastritis.
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Mint tea is an effective home remedy, that can treat emesis.
Mint tea is an effective home remedy, that can treat emesis.
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Cinnamon powder is an effective home remedy for emesis, it can be added to boiling water and consumed after allowing it to steep.
Cinnamon powder is an effective home remedy for emesis, it can be added to boiling water and consumed after allowing it to steep.
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Vinegar is an effective home remedy for emesis, it can be added to water and consumed.
Vinegar is an effective home remedy for emesis, it can be added to water and consumed.
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Fennel seeds are effective in digestion and ease nausea.
Fennel seeds are effective in digestion and ease nausea.
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Fennel seeds can be used in treating emesis.
Fennel seeds can be used in treating emesis.
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Tea made of cloves can be effective in treating emesis.
Tea made of cloves can be effective in treating emesis.
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Cumin is an effective home remedy in cases of emesis, especially those caused due to digestive problems.
Cumin is an effective home remedy in cases of emesis, especially those caused due to digestive problems.
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In case of an emergency due to emesis or nausea, contact the appropriate medical professional and take effective treatments.
In case of an emergency due to emesis or nausea, contact the appropriate medical professional and take effective treatments.
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Study Notes
GASTRO-INTESTINAL DISORDERS
- Emesis (Vomiting): Involuntary expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth or nose.
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Causes of Emesis:
- Poisoning
- Gastritis
- Increased intracranial pressure
- Ionizing radiation exposure
- Early pregnancy
- Medications/drugs
- Endogenous emetic substances
- Radiation damage
- Disease
- Nauseating smells
- Disgusting experiences
- Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
- Emotional stress
- Duodenal contraction (severe emesis)
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Types of Emesis:
- Delayed emesis (following Cisplatin chemotherapy)
- Anticipatory emesis (conditioned by previous reactions)
- Cyclic emesis (recurring every few months, often linked to migraine)
- Projectile emesis (expulsion of contents with great force)
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Phases of Emesis:
- Retching phase (abdominal muscle contractions)
- Expulsive phase (release of gastric contents)
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Complications of Emesis:
- Electrolyte imbalance (dehydration, altering electrolyte status)
- Aspiration pneumonia (gastric contents entering respiratory tract)
CONSTIPATION
- Definition: Passing stool fewer than three times a week (or less than one stool per week for severe constipation).
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Etiology (Causes):
- Medications (narcotics, antidepressants, iron pills)
- Poor bowel habits
- Low-fiber diet
- Laxative abuse
- Hormonal disorders
- Stress
- Colon cancer
- Eating disorders
- High dairy intake
- Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
- Neurological conditions (Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis)
- Inactivity
- Hypothyroidism
- High estrogen/progesterone (pregnancy)
- Colonic inertia
- Pelvic floor dysfunction
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Clinical Manifestation (Symptoms):
- Lower abdominal discomfort
- Sense of incomplete evacuation
- Straining to defecate
- Hard or small stools
- Rectal bleeding/anal fissures
- Physiological distress/obsession with bowel movements
- Fecal impaction (hardened stool in rectum)
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Risk Factors:
- Female sex
- Age (65+)
- Low income
- Pregnancy/recent childbirth
DIARRHEA
- Definition: Frequent passage of loose, watery stools.
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Etiology (Causes):
- Food poisoning
- Stomach flu
- Lactose intolerance
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
- Infections (bacteria, viruses, parasites)
- Colorectal cancer
- Medication side effects
- Endocrine disorders (Addison's disease)
- Carcinoid tumors
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Symptoms:
- Frequent loose, watery stools
- Stomach pain
- Cramps
- Bloating
- Thirst
- Weight loss
- Blood in stool
- Diagnosis: Medical history, physical exam, blood tests, stool tests, X-rays, and other procedures.
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Treatment:
- Oral rehydration solutions
- Medication adjustment
- Treatment for underlying conditions
- Antidiarrheal medications (Over-the-counter and prescription options)
- Supportive care and monitoring for complications
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Description
This quiz covers the vital aspects of emesis, including its causes, types, and phases. Explore the complications related to emesis and understand how various factors contribute to this condition. Test your knowledge on the intricacies of vomiting and its implications in medicine.
