Gastric Acid Secretion and Stomach Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which cell type is responsible for secreting mucus and bicarbonate ions?

Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells
Parietal cells
Mucous cells (correct)
Gastric gland cells

What is the primary source of gastric acid secretion in the stomach?

Histamine release from ECL cells
H+/K+ ATPase in the apical membrane of parietal cells (correct)
Acetylcholine release from parasympathetic nervous system
Gastrin release from enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells

What stimulates the release of histamine from ECL cells, which in turn stimulates acid secretion?

Acetylcholine
Mucus secretion
Gastrin (correct)
Bicarbonate ions

What is the net result of the stimulation of ECL cells by both acetylcholine and gastrin?

<p>Increased histamine release (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nervous system is involved in the food-related stimulus to increase the rate of acid secretion in the stomach?

<p>Parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mucous Cells

Specialized cells lining the stomach that produce and release mucus, a slimy substance which acts as a protective barrier against stomach acid and digestive enzymes.

H+/K+ ATPase

A powerful pump found on the surface of parietal cells in the stomach. It actively transports hydrogen ions (H+) into the stomach lumen, generating gastric acid.

Gastrin

A hormone released by G cells in the stomach. It stimulates both ECL cells, increasing histamine release, and parietal cells, directly stimulating acid secretion.

ECL Cells

Type of cells in the stomach lining that release histamine, a potent stimulator of acid secretion by parietal cells.

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Parasympathetic and Enteric Nervous Systems

The parasympathetic and enteric nervous systems, which control various bodily functions including digestion. When stimulated by food intake, they trigger an increase in acid secretion by the stomach.

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