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Questions and Answers
What is the approximate number of molecules contained in a vessel of volume 7 litres at 0°C at 1.3 × 10^5 pascal?
A rigid tank contains 35 kg of nitrogen at 6 atm. Oxygen is supplied to increase the pressure to 9 atm, while the temperature remains constant. What is the amount of oxygen supplied to the tank?
When 2 gms of a gas are introduced into an evacuated flask kept at 25°C, the pressure is found to be one atmosphere. If 3 gms of another gas is added to the same flask, the pressure becomes 1.5 atmospheres. What is the ratio of the molecular weights of these gases?
An ideal gas follows a process PT = constant. What is the correct graph between pressure & volume?
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If the temperature of a gas is doubled on both absolute scale and centigrade scale, what will be the increase in root mean square velocity of the gas?
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The expansion of an ideal gas of mass m at a constant pressure P is given by the straight line B. What will be the expansion of the same ideal gas of mass 2m at a pressure 2P?
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What is the ratio of the volume of container X to container Y?
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If the temperature of container Y is 400K, what is the temperature of container X?
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If the mass of the gas in container X is m, what is the mass of the gas in container Y?
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What is the ratio of average translational kinetic energy to rotational kinetic energy of a diatomic molecule at temperature T?
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If one mole of an ideal gas at STP is heated in an insulated closed container until the average speed of its molecules is doubled, by what factor would its pressure increase?
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In a T-V indicator diagram, if a given mass of gas expands from state A to state B by three paths 1, 2, and 3, how does the work done by the gas along these paths compare?
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In a pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas, which statement regarding the processes AB, CD, and BC is correct?
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If one mole of an ideal gas is contained within a cylinder by a frictionless piston and is initially at temperature T, and its volume doubles while maintaining constant pressure, what is the work done by the gas in increasing its volume?
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If a polyatomic gas with six degrees of freedom does 25J of work when it is expanded at constant pressure, how much heat is given to the gas?
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In a cyclic process ABCA shown in a PT diagram, how would it be presented on a PV diagram?
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Study Notes
Ideal Gas and Thermodynamics
- The number of molecules in a vessel of 7 liters at 0°C and 1.3 × 10^5 pascal can be approximated.
Nitrogen and Oxygen in a Rigid Tank
- A rigid tank containing 35 kg of nitrogen at 6 atm can have oxygen added to increase the pressure to 9 atm, while maintaining a constant temperature.
- The amount of oxygen supplied to the tank can be calculated.
Gases in an Evacuated Flask
- When 2 g of a gas is introduced into an evacuated flask at 25°C, the pressure is 1 atmosphere.
- Adding 3 g of another gas to the same flask increases the pressure to 1.5 atmospheres.
- The ratio of the molecular weights of these gases can be determined.
Ideal Gas Process
- An ideal gas following a process of PT = constant has a specific graph between pressure and volume.
- The graph shows a hyperbola.
Temperature and Velocity
- If the temperature of a gas is doubled on both absolute and centigrade scales, the root mean square velocity of the gas increases by a factor of √2.
Expansion of Ideal Gas
- The expansion of an ideal gas of mass m at a constant pressure P is given by a straight line.
- The expansion of the same ideal gas of mass 2m at a pressure 2P is also given by a straight line, but with a steeper slope.
Containers and Temperature
- The ratio of the volume of container X to container Y can be determined.
- If the temperature of container Y is 400K, the temperature of container X can be calculated.
- If the mass of the gas in container X is m, the mass of the gas in container Y can be determined.
Kinetic Energy and Molecules
- The ratio of the average translational kinetic energy to rotational kinetic energy of a diatomic molecule at temperature T is 2:1.
Heating Ideal Gas
- If one mole of an ideal gas at STP is heated in an insulated closed container until the average speed of its molecules is doubled, the pressure increases by a factor of 4.
T-V Indicator Diagram
- In a T-V indicator diagram, the work done by the gas along different paths (1, 2, and 3) from state A to state B can be compared.
Pressure-Temperature Graph
- In a pressure versus temperature graph of an ideal gas, the process AB is an isochore, CD is an isobar, and BC is an isotherm.
Work Done by Gas
- If one mole of an ideal gas is contained within a cylinder by a frictionless piston and is initially at temperature T, and its volume doubles while maintaining constant pressure, the work done by the gas in increasing its volume is nRT ln(2).
Polyatomic Gas and Work
- If a polyatomic gas with six degrees of freedom does 25J of work when it is expanded at constant pressure, the heat given to the gas is 75J.
Cyclic Process
- In a cyclic process ABCA shown in a PT diagram, the PV diagram is a closed loop.
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Description
Test your knowledge of gas laws with this quiz. Questions cover topics such as number of molecules in a vessel, pressure changes in a rigid tank, and gas introduction into a flask.
