Gas Exchange in the Lungs
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of alveoli in the gas exchange process?

  • Contain a single layer of alveolar cells
  • Encircling each alveolus
  • Production of oxygen
  • Increasing surface area for gas exchange (correct)
  • Which factor influences the gas exchange process according to Dalton's law?

  • Surface area of the alveoli
  • Thickness of the alveolar wall
  • Partial pressure gradient (correct)
  • Diffusion coefficient
  • How does emphysema affect gas exchange in the lungs?

  • Decreases diffusion coefficient
  • Increases surface area for gas exchange
  • Reduces surface area for gas exchange (correct)
  • Results in lung collapse
  • Which condition would lead to an increased thickness of the alveolar walls?

    <p>Pulmonary fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the diffusion coefficient higher for CO2 compared to O2 in gas exchange?

    <p>CO2 diffuses more easily across membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that keeps alveoli open?

    <p>Pulmonary surfactant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor promotes the collapse of alveoli?

    <p>Elasticity of stretched pulmonary connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the measure of effort needed to stretch or distend the lungs?

    <p>Compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by decreased lung compliance?

    <p>Pulmonary fibrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does parasympathetic stimulation have on the airways?

    <p>Bronchoconstriction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which condition is there a struggle to breathe due to insufficient surfactant production?

    <p>Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal quiet expiration?

    <p>3500 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung volume represents the volume of air in the lungs at the end of normal passive expiration?

    <p>2200 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In spirometry, what does FEV1 represent?

    <p>Volume of air that can be expired during the first second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which management approach is NOT recommended for shortness of breath?

    <p>Antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In patients with obstructive lung diseases like asthma or COPD, which spirometry parameter is expected to be decreased?

    <p>FEV1/FVC ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum volume of air that can be moved out during a single breath following a maximal inspiration?

    <p>4500 ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

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