Gas Exchange and Oxygen Transportation Quiz

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Which layer of the heart is responsible for contracting and pumping blood?

Epicardium
Pericardium
Endocardium
Myocardium (correct)

Which layer of the heart provides a smooth surface for blood flow and prevents abnormal clotting?

Pericardium
Myocardium
Endocardium (correct)
Epicardium

Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation?

Left ventricle
Right atrium
Left atrium
Right ventricle (correct)

Which of the following statements about the coronary circuit is correct?

The coronary circuit supplies oxygenated blood to the myocardium itself. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about cardiac muscle contraction is correct?

Cardiac muscle contracts involuntarily, synchronously, and continuously without fatiguing. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components of the conduction system initiates each heartbeat and acts as the natural pacemaker?

Sinoatrial (SA) node (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following represents ventricular repolarization in a normal electrocardiogram (ECG) tracing?

T wave (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of Type I cells in the alveolar wall?

Facilitate gas exchange (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary form in which oxygen is carried in the blood?

Bound to hemoglobin (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes dyspnea?

Difficulty or discomfort in breathing (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the respiratory center of the brain located?

Medulla oblongata (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the QT interval?

It indicates the total time for ventricular depolarization and repolarization. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can be indicated by T-wave inversion or ST-segment depression on an ECG tracing?

Ischemia (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which heart sound is caused by the closure of the semilunar valves?

S2 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating cardiac output?

Cardiac Output = Stroke Volume / Heart Rate (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that can contribute to increased peripheral resistance?

Vasodilation (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about blood pressure in the circulatory system?

Blood pressure is highest in arteries (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a short-term neural control of blood pressure?

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct formula to calculate Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)?

MAP = (2 x diastolic + systolic) / 3 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone promotes water reabsorption by the kidneys?

Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of hypertension?

Persistently high blood pressure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

Warming, humidifying, and cleansing incoming air (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the uvula in the respiratory system?

Prevents food and liquid from entering the nasal cavity (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the flow of blood in pulmonary circulation?

Right ventricle → pulmonary artery → alveolar capillaries → pulmonary veins → left atrium (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the flow of blood in systemic circulation?

Left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → arteries → arterioles → capillaries → venules → veins → right atrium (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the location and position of the heart in the thoracic cavity?

The heart is centrally located within the thoracic cavity, in a region known as the mediastinum. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these accurately describes the function of the valves in the heart?

The valves in the heart prevent the backflow of blood and ensure unidirectional flow. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these accurately describes the flow of blood in pulmonary circulation?

Right ventricle → pulmonary artery → alveolar capillaries → pulmonary veins → left atrium (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which one of these accurately describes the location and position of the heart in the thoracic cavity?

The heart is centrally located within the thoracic cavity, in a region known as the mediastinum. (B) Signup and view all the answers