Gas Adsorption Process

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of methanol injection in gas streams?

To increase the temperature of the gas stream

To detect the presence of paraffins in the gas stream

To lower the hydrate formation temperature and prevent water buildup (correct)

To separate the components of the gas stream

What is the optimal temperature range for thermal cracking in naphtha production?

Above 1000°C

Above 800°C (correct)

Between 500°C and 700°C

Below 500°C

What is the primary goal of optimizing the naphtha cracking process?

To produce heavier products and coke

To produce only ethylene and propylene

To increase the yield of butadiene

To prevent the formation of undesirable heavy products and coke (correct)

What is the purpose of quenching and cooling in the naphtha cracking process?

To prepare the product mixture for separation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of feedstocks in petrochemical production?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of catalytic reforming?

To break down long straight chained paraffins Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the endothermic cracking reaction in naphtha production?

Breakdown of paraffins into lighter olefins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of naphtha that makes it ideal for olefin production?

High content of paraffins and lower boiling range Signup and view all the answers

What is an advantage of using automated equipment over manually operated ones?

Improved working conditions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of large external silos?

To store polymers Signup and view all the answers

How are reserve materials and additives typically transported?

In bulk containers, drums, or sacks Signup and view all the answers

What type of materials are suitable for pressureless processing techniques?

Monomers, plastic solutions, and dispersions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of film casting?

Manufacture of cellulose acetate films Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of temperature regulation in casting?

To avoid thermal stresses Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary material used in slush molding?

PVC pastes Signup and view all the answers

What is a modification of slush molding used for producing hollow articles?

Rotational casting Signup and view all the answers

Which company is the largest manufacturer of polyolefins in the Philippines?

JGSOC Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary product of Polymaster?

Poly tanks Signup and view all the answers

What is the product range of Petron Corporation?

Benzene, Toluene, and Mixed Xylene Signup and view all the answers

Which company is the pioneer and leading supplier of polyester resin and auxiliaries to the Philippines FRP Industry?

Polymer Signup and view all the answers

What is the product range of Alphatec Chemical Corporation?

Premium quality polymer and cementitious grouts Signup and view all the answers

What is the main product of JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation?

Premium fuels and petrochemicals Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary business of the company that offers a range of PP Boxes for Packaging?

Packaging materials manufacturing Signup and view all the answers

What is the production capacity of JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation?

270,000 barrels per day Signup and view all the answers

Which polymerization method provides the purest form of polymer?

Bulk Polymerization Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of fibers produced in the polymer industry?

They have excellent tensile strength and resilience. Signup and view all the answers

Which polymerization method involves adding an inert solvent to the reaction?

Solution Polymerization Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a chain transfer agent in Bulk Polymerization?

To control the molecular weight Signup and view all the answers

Which method was developed to control the heat release in Bulk Polymerization?

Suspension Polymerization Signup and view all the answers

What is one disadvantage of Solution Polymerization compared to Bulk Polymerization?

It produces a lower molecular weight polymer. Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of a solvent in Solution Polymerization enhance?

Heat capacity Signup and view all the answers

Which is a product of the polymer industry mentioned in the text?

Decorative coatings Signup and view all the answers

What happens after the solvent becomes saturated with acid gases?

The pressure is reduced and hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are desorbed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of molecular sieves (zeolites) in gas processing?

They adsorb large amounts of gases. Signup and view all the answers

How is the regeneration of molecular sieves accomplished?

By passing hot dry fuel gas through the bed. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic makes diglycolamine (DGA) suitable for use in cold climates?

Low freezing point Signup and view all the answers

Why are strong basic solutions not commonly used for treating large volumes of natural gas?

They form stable salts with acid gases, which are not easily regenerated. Signup and view all the answers

Which absorbent is favored due to its lower corrosion rate and fewer utility requirements?

Diethanolamine Signup and view all the answers

What technique employs glycols like triethylene glycol to absorb water vapor from natural gas?

Glycol Dehydration Signup and view all the answers

How do molecular sieves compare to other methods when dealing with low quantities of hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide?

They are more competitive Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Polymer Companies in the Philippines

JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation produces a full range of premium fuels and petrochemicals with a capacity of nearly 270,000 barrels per day.
Philippine Polypropylene, Inc. (PPI) produces polypropylene and polyethylene in Batangas.
NPC Alliance produces polyethylene in Bataan.
Philippine Resins Industries, Inc. produces polyvinyl chloride in Bataan.
Chemrez Technologies, Inc. produces unsaturated polyester (UPH) in Quezon City.

Alphatec Chemical Corporation

The country's leader in polymer technology, manufacturing premium quality polymer and cementitious grouts and adhesives.
Exclusive manufacturer/distributor and applicator of all Aphatec brands, sharing technology and product innovation with Alpha Kogyo KK.

Other Polymer Companies

Polymaster: Australia's most trusted poly tank manufacturer since 1994, manufacturing innovative products for industrial, residential, and agricultural applications.
Polymer: Pioneer and leading supplier of polyester resin and auxiliaries to the Philippines' Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Industry.

JGSOC

The largest manufacturer of polyolefins in the Philippines, producing polyethylene and polypropylene resins.
The first and only integrated PE and PP resin manufacturer in the country.

Petrochemical Production

Naphtha cracking is a pivotal process in petrochemical production, yielding essential olefins used in manufacturing plastics and other materials.
Feedstock selection: Naphtha, a mixture of hydrocarbons, is chosen for its high content of paraffin and lower boiling range.
Thermal cracking: Conducted in a tube-still furnace at temperatures above 800°C.
Process optimization: Short residence time and high-speed passage through heater tubes prevent the formation of undesirable heavy products and coke.

Stages of Petrochemical Production

Feedstock (First-generation Petrochemicals): Obtained from crude oil refining and catalytic processes, including hydrocarbon gases, naphtha, benzene, toluene, and xylene.
Catalytic reforming: Generates a variety of products, including olefins, branched or isoparaffins, and aromatics.

Techniques for Pressureless Processing

Casting: Used to produce thick-walled articles, embeddings, sheets, and blocks made of polystyrene, polyamides, and polymethylmetacrylate.
Dipping
Coating
Foaming

Bulk Polymerization

A method that employs only the monomer molecule, an initiator, and a chain transfer agent (if necessary) to obtain the purest form of polymer.
Can be used for casting objects of various shapes.

Solution Polymerization

Involves adding an inert solvent to the reacting components, enhancing heat capacity and facilitating heat transfer.
Reduces reaction rate and molecular weight of compounds compared to Bulk Polymerization.

Suspension Polymerization

Developed to control the enormous amount of heat release in Bulk Polymerization.
Involves adding a solvent to the reaction mixture, which is then dispersed in the form of droplets.

Physical Adsorption

Molecular sieves (zeolites) are widely used to adsorb large amounts of gases.
Can be regenerated by passing hot dry fuel gas through the bed.

Chemical Absorption (Chemisorption)

Characterized by a high capability of absorbing large amounts of acid gases.
Diethanolamine is a favored absorbent due to its lower corrosion rate, smaller amine loss potential, and minimal reclaiming needs.

Water Removal

Various techniques are employed, including glycol dehydration, solid adsorbents, and others.

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Description

This quiz covers the physical adsorption process, including the use of molecular sieves and regeneration techniques. It explains how gas adsorption works and its applications.