Gas Adsorption Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of methanol injection in gas streams?

  • To increase the temperature of the gas stream
  • To detect the presence of paraffins in the gas stream
  • To lower the hydrate formation temperature and prevent water buildup (correct)
  • To separate the components of the gas stream

    • What is the optimal temperature range for thermal cracking in naphtha production?

  • Above 1000°C
  • Above 800°C (correct)
  • Between 500°C and 700°C
  • Below 500°C

    • What is the primary goal of optimizing the naphtha cracking process?

  • To produce heavier products and coke
  • To produce only ethylene and propylene
  • To increase the yield of butadiene
  • To prevent the formation of undesirable heavy products and coke (correct)

    • What is the purpose of quenching and cooling in the naphtha cracking process?

    <p>To prepare the product mixture for separation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of feedstocks in petrochemical production?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of catalytic reforming?

    <p>To break down long straight chained paraffins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the endothermic cracking reaction in naphtha production?

    <p>Breakdown of paraffins into lighter olefins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of naphtha that makes it ideal for olefin production?

    <p>High content of paraffins and lower boiling range (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an advantage of using automated equipment over manually operated ones?

    <p>Improved working conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of large external silos?

    <p>To store polymers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are reserve materials and additives typically transported?

    <p>In bulk containers, drums, or sacks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of materials are suitable for pressureless processing techniques?

    <p>Monomers, plastic solutions, and dispersions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary application of film casting?

    <p>Manufacture of cellulose acetate films (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of temperature regulation in casting?

    <p>To avoid thermal stresses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary material used in slush molding?

    <p>PVC pastes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a modification of slush molding used for producing hollow articles?

    <p>Rotational casting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company is the largest manufacturer of polyolefins in the Philippines?

    <p>JGSOC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary product of Polymaster?

    <p>Poly tanks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product range of Petron Corporation?

    <p>Benzene, Toluene, and Mixed Xylene (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company is the pioneer and leading supplier of polyester resin and auxiliaries to the Philippines FRP Industry?

    <p>Polymer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product range of Alphatec Chemical Corporation?

    <p>Premium quality polymer and cementitious grouts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main product of JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation?

    <p>Premium fuels and petrochemicals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary business of the company that offers a range of PP Boxes for Packaging?

    <p>Packaging materials manufacturing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the production capacity of JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation?

    <p>270,000 barrels per day (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which polymerization method provides the purest form of polymer?

    <p>Bulk Polymerization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of fibers produced in the polymer industry?

    <p>They have excellent tensile strength and resilience. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which polymerization method involves adding an inert solvent to the reaction?

    <p>Solution Polymerization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a chain transfer agent in Bulk Polymerization?

    <p>To control the molecular weight (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method was developed to control the heat release in Bulk Polymerization?

    <p>Suspension Polymerization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one disadvantage of Solution Polymerization compared to Bulk Polymerization?

    <p>It produces a lower molecular weight polymer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of a solvent in Solution Polymerization enhance?

    <p>Heat capacity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a product of the polymer industry mentioned in the text?

    <p>Decorative coatings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens after the solvent becomes saturated with acid gases?

    <p>The pressure is reduced and hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide are desorbed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of molecular sieves (zeolites) in gas processing?

    <p>They adsorb large amounts of gases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the regeneration of molecular sieves accomplished?

    <p>By passing hot dry fuel gas through the bed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic makes diglycolamine (DGA) suitable for use in cold climates?

    <p>Low freezing point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are strong basic solutions not commonly used for treating large volumes of natural gas?

    <p>They form stable salts with acid gases, which are not easily regenerated. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which absorbent is favored due to its lower corrosion rate and fewer utility requirements?

    <p>Diethanolamine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique employs glycols like triethylene glycol to absorb water vapor from natural gas?

    <p>Glycol Dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do molecular sieves compare to other methods when dealing with low quantities of hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide?

    <p>They are more competitive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Polymer Companies in the Philippines

    • JG Summit Petrochemical Corporation produces a full range of premium fuels and petrochemicals with a capacity of nearly 270,000 barrels per day.
    • Philippine Polypropylene, Inc. (PPI) produces polypropylene and polyethylene in Batangas.
    • NPC Alliance produces polyethylene in Bataan.
    • Philippine Resins Industries, Inc. produces polyvinyl chloride in Bataan.
    • Chemrez Technologies, Inc. produces unsaturated polyester (UPH) in Quezon City.

    Alphatec Chemical Corporation

    • The country's leader in polymer technology, manufacturing premium quality polymer and cementitious grouts and adhesives.
    • Exclusive manufacturer/distributor and applicator of all Aphatec brands, sharing technology and product innovation with Alpha Kogyo KK.

    Other Polymer Companies

    • Polymaster: Australia's most trusted poly tank manufacturer since 1994, manufacturing innovative products for industrial, residential, and agricultural applications.
    • Polymer: Pioneer and leading supplier of polyester resin and auxiliaries to the Philippines' Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Industry.

    JGSOC

    • The largest manufacturer of polyolefins in the Philippines, producing polyethylene and polypropylene resins.
    • The first and only integrated PE and PP resin manufacturer in the country.

    Petrochemical Production

    • Naphtha cracking is a pivotal process in petrochemical production, yielding essential olefins used in manufacturing plastics and other materials.
    • Feedstock selection: Naphtha, a mixture of hydrocarbons, is chosen for its high content of paraffin and lower boiling range.
    • Thermal cracking: Conducted in a tube-still furnace at temperatures above 800°C.
    • Process optimization: Short residence time and high-speed passage through heater tubes prevent the formation of undesirable heavy products and coke.

    Stages of Petrochemical Production

    • Feedstock (First-generation Petrochemicals): Obtained from crude oil refining and catalytic processes, including hydrocarbon gases, naphtha, benzene, toluene, and xylene.
    • Catalytic reforming: Generates a variety of products, including olefins, branched or isoparaffins, and aromatics.

    Techniques for Pressureless Processing

    • Casting: Used to produce thick-walled articles, embeddings, sheets, and blocks made of polystyrene, polyamides, and polymethylmetacrylate.
    • Dipping
    • Coating
    • Foaming

    Bulk Polymerization

    • A method that employs only the monomer molecule, an initiator, and a chain transfer agent (if necessary) to obtain the purest form of polymer.
    • Can be used for casting objects of various shapes.

    Solution Polymerization

    • Involves adding an inert solvent to the reacting components, enhancing heat capacity and facilitating heat transfer.
    • Reduces reaction rate and molecular weight of compounds compared to Bulk Polymerization.

    Suspension Polymerization

    • Developed to control the enormous amount of heat release in Bulk Polymerization.
    • Involves adding a solvent to the reaction mixture, which is then dispersed in the form of droplets.

    Physical Adsorption

    • Molecular sieves (zeolites) are widely used to adsorb large amounts of gases.
    • Can be regenerated by passing hot dry fuel gas through the bed.

    Chemical Absorption (Chemisorption)

    • Characterized by a high capability of absorbing large amounts of acid gases.
    • Diethanolamine is a favored absorbent due to its lower corrosion rate, smaller amine loss potential, and minimal reclaiming needs.

    Water Removal

    • Various techniques are employed, including glycol dehydration, solid adsorbents, and others.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the physical adsorption process, including the use of molecular sieves and regeneration techniques. It explains how gas adsorption works and its applications.

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