Podcast
Questions and Answers
In a stripping operation, how is the equilibrium curve typically positioned relative to the operating line?
In a stripping operation, how is the equilibrium curve typically positioned relative to the operating line?
- Linear
- Above the operating line
- Below the operating line (correct)
- Perpendicular with the tie line
In a countercurrent gas absorber with linear operating and equilibrium relations and constant inlet liquid composition, how should the gas flow rate be adjusted to increase the absorption factor?
In a countercurrent gas absorber with linear operating and equilibrium relations and constant inlet liquid composition, how should the gas flow rate be adjusted to increase the absorption factor?
- The gas flow rate should decrease (correct)
- None of these
- Both of these
- The gas flow rate should increase
Which of the following processes primarily involves biological activity rather than gas absorption or stripping?
Which of the following processes primarily involves biological activity rather than gas absorption or stripping?
- Aerobic fermentation of sewage sludge (correct)
- Removal of undesirable components from lubricating oil
- Hydrochloric acid production from hydrogen chloride gas
- Carbonation of soft drinks
What does the minimum flow rate of gas absorbing liquid correspond to in the design of gas absorption columns?
What does the minimum flow rate of gas absorbing liquid correspond to in the design of gas absorption columns?
On a McCabe-Thiele diagram, how are the equilibrium curve and operating line positioned for a stripper?
On a McCabe-Thiele diagram, how are the equilibrium curve and operating line positioned for a stripper?
In gas absorption, what is the effect of using a liquid rate significantly higher than the minimum required value?
In gas absorption, what is the effect of using a liquid rate significantly higher than the minimum required value?
During absorption at a constant gas rate, what happens to the slope of the operating line if the liquid flow rate is reduced?
During absorption at a constant gas rate, what happens to the slope of the operating line if the liquid flow rate is reduced?
In the context of mass transfer from gas to liquid, how is the operating line positioned relative to the equilibrium curve?
In the context of mass transfer from gas to liquid, how is the operating line positioned relative to the equilibrium curve?
For efficient gas absorption, what thermodynamic condition should be observed in the equipment?
For efficient gas absorption, what thermodynamic condition should be observed in the equipment?
Which law is most applicable for establishing equilibrium relationships in absorption processes involving moderately soluble gases with minimal gas-liquid interaction?
Which law is most applicable for establishing equilibrium relationships in absorption processes involving moderately soluble gases with minimal gas-liquid interaction?
What is the significance of the 'Plait Point' in liquid-liquid extraction?
What is the significance of the 'Plait Point' in liquid-liquid extraction?
What property difference is fundamentally exploited in liquid-liquid extraction for separating components?
What property difference is fundamentally exploited in liquid-liquid extraction for separating components?
In a liquid-liquid extraction, when does the extraction solvent demonstrate no selectivity?
In a liquid-liquid extraction, when does the extraction solvent demonstrate no selectivity?
What do the tie lines represent on a Hunter-Nash plot used for liquid-liquid extraction?
What do the tie lines represent on a Hunter-Nash plot used for liquid-liquid extraction?
In a liquid-liquid extraction where a solute (A) in a carrier (B) is mixed with a solvent (C), and component B is only slightly soluble in C, what is the likely composition of the extract?
In a liquid-liquid extraction where a solute (A) in a carrier (B) is mixed with a solvent (C), and component B is only slightly soluble in C, what is the likely composition of the extract?
Flashcards
Stripping equilibrium curve location
Stripping equilibrium curve location
In a stripping operation, the equilibrium curve is above the operating line.
Absorption factor increase
Absorption factor increase
To increase the absorption factor in a countercurrent gas absorber with linear operating and equilibrium relations, the gas flow rate should decrease.
No Gas Absorption/Stripping?
No Gas Absorption/Stripping?
Aerobic fermentation of sewage sludge does not involve gas absorption or stripping.
Min. absorbent flow rate
Min. absorbent flow rate
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Stripper Diagram Curve
Stripper Diagram Curve
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High Liquid Rate Impact
High Liquid Rate Impact
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Absorption & Slope change
Absorption & Slope change
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Operating Line Location
Operating Line Location
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Gas Absorption Conditions
Gas Absorption Conditions
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Equilibrium for Gases
Equilibrium for Gases
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Plait Point Defined
Plait Point Defined
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Liquid Extraction Basis
Liquid Extraction Basis
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No Solvent Selectivity Ratio
No Solvent Selectivity Ratio
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Hunter-Nash Tie Lines
Hunter-Nash Tie Lines
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Extract Composition with slight soluble
Extract Composition with slight soluble
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Study Notes
- In a stripping operation, the equilibrium curve is above the operating line.
- To increase the absorption factor in a countercurrent gas absorber with linear operating and equilibrium relations and constant inlet liquid composition, the gas flow rate should decrease.
- Aerobic fermentation of sewage sludge doesn't involve gas absorption or stripping processes.
- The minimum flow rate of gas absorbing liquid corresponds to an infinite number of stages.
- In the McCabe-Thiele diagram for a stripper, the equilibrium curve is below the operating line.
- In gas absorption, using a liquid rate far above the minimum results in fewer number of stages.
- During absorption, the slope of the operating line increases if the liquid flow is reduced at a constant gas rate.
- When the solute mass transfer is from gas to liquid, the operating line is always above the equilibrium curve.
- In gas absorption equipment, the liquid absorbent should be below its bubble point, and the gas phase should be well above its dew point.
- Henry's Law applies most to establish equilibrium relationships for absorption of moderately soluble gases with little interaction between gas and liquid molecules.
- The Plait Point is where the extract and raffinate phases are identical.
- Density is the basis of separation in liquid-liquid extraction processes.
- In liquid-liquid extraction, the extraction solvent has no selectivity when the ratio of the components in the extraction-solvent phase to that in the feed-solvent phase is equal to 1.0.
- Tie lines in the Hunter-Nash plot represent material balance calculations.
- The extract will be rich in C, poor in B, and poor in A when a solution of solute A in carrier B is mixed with solvent C, where component B is slightly soluble in C.
- To determine the minimum ratio of extraction solvent to feed solvent, the distribution coefficient must be known.
- The point where a tie line is reduced to, indicating the same solute concentration in both solvent and feed-solvent phases during liquid-liquid extraction, is called the Plait Point.
- Constant operating temperature and pressure, along with steady-state conditions, are required to use the McCabe-Thiele method in distillation and gas absorption design.
- Solvent Extraction involves dissolving soluble components of a liquid mixture in another liquid that is partially immiscible with other components.
- Cross-current extraction uses equal amounts of solvent.
- In leaching, all overflow streams are assumed to be free of solids.
- During leaching, the mass ratio of liquid to inert solids is constant from stage to stage.
- An ideal leaching stage provides sufficient time for the solvent to completely penetrate the solute.
- Removing nicotine from its water solution doesn't involve leaching.
- Inerts are normally not present in the extract phase of a leaching process.
- Leaching rate increases with increasing temperature.
- Extraction of tea from leaves is accomplished by leaching.
- Leaching removes a soluble component from an inert solid using a solvent that preferentially dissolves the soluble matter.
- During solid-liquid extraction with constant underflow, a constant amount of solution or solvent adheres to the inerts.
- A condition that does not apply to the idealized case of a countercurrent cascade for leaching is when there is an insoluble solid backbone or matrix.
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