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Questions and Answers
Who were the key leaders involved in the Champaran Movement in 1917?
Which movement in the Gandhian era led to the suspension of colonial agricultural laws and the release of prisoners?
What was the slogan associated with the Quit India Movement in 1942?
Which movement resulted in widespread protests and the eventual release of Gandhi and other leaders?
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What was the purpose of the Dandi March led by Gandhi in 1930?
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Which movement involved Gandhi urging Indians to withdraw their cooperation from the British government?
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What was the main focus of the Civil Disobedience Movement initiated by Gandhi?
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Why did the Non-Cooperation Movement lose the support of Gandhi himself?
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What impact did the Salt Satyagraha have on the Indian freedom struggle?
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During which movement were Indians encouraged to withdraw their cooperation from British institutions like schools and military service?
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Which movement led to the imprisonment of many leaders, including Gandhi?
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What was the primary goal of the Quit India Movement?
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Study Notes
Gandhian Era National Movements
In the 20th century, India's struggle for self-rule and freedom from British colonial rule witnessed a transformative era shaped by the philosophy and actions of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, often referred to as Mahatma Gandhi. This article delves into five significant national movements from the Gandhian era that contributed to India's eventual independence.
Champaran Movement (1917)
The Champaran movement emerged as a consequence of British-enacted agricultural laws that imposed high land taxes and forced peasants to grow indigo, a cash crop. Gandhi, along with Rajendra Prasad and Acharya Narendra Dev, supported the Bihar peasant uprising, which led to the suspension of these colonial laws and the release of 21 prisoners.
Quit India Movement (1942)
In response to Britain's decision to arrest Gandhi and other leaders after the Cripps Mission failed, Gandhi issued a call for "Do or Die" to the Indian people, urging them to withdraw their cooperation from the British government and engage in acts of civil disobedience. This movement, one of the largest in India's freedom struggle, led to widespread protests and the eventual release of Gandhi and other leaders in 1944.
Salt Satyagraha (1930)
Gandhi's campaign against the British monopoly on salt production and the associated taxation led to the famous "Dandi March" in 1930, during which Gandhi and thousands of volunteers walked 240 miles to produce salt by evaporating seawater. This movement not only defied British law but also highlighted the exploitation of Indians by the British government.
Civil Disobedience Movement (1930–1931)
In response to the failure of the Round Table Conferences to address Indian concerns, Gandhi initiated the Civil Disobedience movement, which encouraged Indians to boycott British goods, refuse to pay taxes, and participate in acts of civil disobedience. This movement led to widespread demonstrations, the suspension of government services, and the imprisonment of many leaders, including Gandhi.
Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–1922)
The Non-Cooperation movement, initiated in response to the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, encouraged Indians to withdraw their cooperation from the British government in various forms, including boycotting British goods, withdrawing students from British schools, and refusing to serve in the British military. This movement led to political and economic upheavals, imprisonment of leaders, and the eventual withdrawal of support from the movement by Gandhi himself.
Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolent resistance and civil disobedience served as the backbone of India's freedom struggle, inspiring millions of Indians to participate in these movements and work towards a free and independent India. The legacy of these movements and their impact on India's freedom continue to be celebrated as a testament to the power of peaceful resistance and the collective will of the Indian people.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the significant national movements during the Gandhian era in India's struggle for independence. From the Champaran Movement to the Quit India Movement, explore key events that shaped the path to freedom under Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's leadership.
