Gandhi-Irwin Pact Overview

Questions and Answers

What was the outcome of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact?

End prosecutions

Permit peaceful picketing

Suspension of the Civil Disobedience Movement

All of the above (correct)

Who was the sole representative of the Congress at the Second Round Table Conference?

Gandhiji

The Non-Cooperation Movement achieved all of its main demands.

False

The Non-Cooperation Movement transformed the Indian National Congress into an organization for ______.

action Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a significant impact of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

Instilled confidence among people Signup and view all the answers

Match the following impacts of the Non-Cooperation Movement:

Became a mass movement = Participation of various sections of society Instilled confidence = Desire for freedom Led to political action = Organized the masses Promoted social reforms = Khadi as a symbol Signup and view all the answers

What was one goal of the Khilafat Movement?

To secure sufficient territory for the Caliph to defend Islam Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Gandhi-Irwin Pact

Signed in March 1931 between Gandhiji and Lord Irwin, following negotiations due to the ineffectiveness of the Satyagraha.
The British Government's commitments included withdrawing all ordinances, releasing political prisoners (except those guilty of violence), allowing peaceful picketing, restoring confiscated properties of satyagrahis, and permitting salt collection near the coast.
The Indian National Congress agreed to suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement, participate in the second Round Table Conference, and refrain from investigating police excesses.

Second Round Table Conference (September 7 - December 1, 1931)

Gandhiji represented the Congress at the conference, set under the terms of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact.
Conference discussions deadlocked over demands for separate electorates from various minority groups, including Muslims, Depressed Classes, and others.
The British government did not grant immediate dominion status or independence, disappointing Gandhiji.

Impact of the Non-Cooperation Movement

The movement aimed for Swaraj, an apology for the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, and the resolution of the Khilafat issue but did not achieve these goals.
Transitioned the Indian National Movement into a mass movement involving peasants, workers, students, women, and teachers, despite resistance from industrialists and zamindars.
Instilled confidence among Indians, encouraging defiance against colonial rule; historian Bipin Chandra emphasized its role in fostering self-esteem.
Transformed the Congress from a deliberative body into a revolutionary entity, capable of leading mass mobilization for India's national struggle.
Encouraged Hindu-Muslim unity through the alignment of the Khilafat issue with Congress objectives, fostering a sense of shared national identity among urban Muslims.
Promoted social reforms, leading to prohibition efforts, the removal of untouchability, and the establishment of national schools; khadi symbolized the national movement's ideals.
Enhanced nationalism across India; the Congress restructured to operate continuously and effectively, reducing membership fees to promote inclusivity.
Popularized the concept of Swaraj, emphasizing grassroots support, bringing India closer to self-governance despite the movement not achieving immediate political goals.

The Khilafat Movement

Aimed to secure sufficient territory for the Caliph and safeguard Islamic interests, focusing on Arab lands including regions like Arabia and Syria.

Description

This quiz explores the Gandhi-Irwin Pact, a significant agreement signed in March 1931 between Gandhiji and Lord Irwin. It highlights the key terms of the pact including the withdrawal of ordinances, the release of political prisoners, and permission for peaceful protests. Test your knowledge of this important historical event!