Game Theory Approaches

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Questions and Answers

What does institutionalism primarily focus on?

The activities of civil society organizations
The role of violent non-state actors
Formal and legal aspects of government institutions (correct)
Economic gain and personal interests

Which type of non-state actor is concerned with violent means?

Rebel groups and terrorist organizations (correct)
Civil Society Organizations
International Non-Government Organizations
Non-Government Organizations

What is the core assumption of rational choice theory?

Individuals act in the interests of society
Government institutions dictate individual behavior
Non-state actors always act violently
Individuals act in their own self-interest to maximize social gain (correct)

What type of organization is focused on non-violent activities?

Civil Society Organizations (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which approach emphasizes the role of economics in shaping individual behavior?

Rational choice theory (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of non-government organizations (NGOs)?

They are non-profit and independent (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Game Theory?

Competition and cooperation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary task of a state?

To ensure security and protection for their citizens (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is public policy?

A tool used by the government to address and meet societal issues and concerns (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a state?

A political unit with ultimate authority over an area of territory and the people in it (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a state actor?

To ensure security and protection for their citizens (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a policy?

A set of ideas or a plan of what to do in particular situations agreed to officially by a group of people (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of non-state actors?

To have influence over policy making (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of public policy?

To address and meet societal issues and concerns for the benefit and common good of its people (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the 1st Political Systems Theory?

What the people want and the government's outcomes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main contribution of non-state actors to the state development?

Influencing government decisions and contributing to various aspects of state development (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the rise of non-state actors?

The state's inability to provide essential services and maintain its social contract (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the 2nd Group Theory?

How groups in power mobilize to achieve a policy (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of the 3rd Elite Theory?

It benefits the elite groups rather than the public (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the failure of the state to provide essential services?

The rise of non-state actors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of non-state actors?

They are partly independent of the sovereign state (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying reason for the state's failure to provide essential services?

The inability and failure of states to live up to their role (A) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Policy Making Approaches

A policy is a set of ideas or a plan of action agreed upon by a group of people with the power to carry it out and enforce it.
Public policy is a tool used by the government to address societal issues and concerns for the benefit of the common good.

State Actors

A state is a political unit with ultimate authority over an area of territory and the people in it.
The primary task of a state is to ensure security and protection for its citizens by providing services.

Non-State Actors

Non-state actors (NSAs) are organized groups or individuals partly independent of a sovereign state.
NSAs contribute to various aspects of state development and have influence in legislation and implementation of government projects.

Perspectives on Policy Making

1st. Political Systems Theory

Focuses on political groups in power and the wants of the people (inputs) and what the government produces (outcomes).

2nd. Group Theory

Focuses on how groups in power mobilize to achieve a policy outcome.

3rd. Elite Theory

Focuses on the system that benefits the needs of elite groups rather than the public in general.

4th. Institutionalism

Focuses on how government institutions affect policy outcomes, involving formal and legal aspects.

5th. Rational Choice Theory

Focuses on economics and how individuals act on their own interests as rational actors, maximizing social gain.

The Rise of Non-State Actors

Non-state actors rise due to the inability and failure of states to live up to their role of providing essential services and maintaining their social contract with the people.
Marginalization and frustration with the state's failure lead to the need to survive and provide solutions.

Types of Non-State Actors

Non-Violent Non-State Actors: Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), International Non-Government Organizations (INGOs), Civil Society Organizations (CSOs), and religious organizations.
Violent Non-State Actors: rebel groups and terrorist groups.