CH 18: Relation of current and potential difference to rate and equilibrium
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the cell potential (V_cell) as the reaction proceeds towards equilibrium?

  • The cell potential first increases and then decreases.
  • The cell potential remains constant.
  • The cell potential decreases. (correct)
  • The cell potential increases.

    • What is the value of the cell potential (V_cell) at equilibrium?

  • V_cell is equal to 0 at equilibrium. (correct)
  • V_cell is less than 0 at equilibrium.
  • V_cell can have any value at equilibrium.
  • V_cell is greater than 0 at equilibrium.

    • How can the decrease in V_cell be used in practical applications?

  • To predict the remaining life of a battery.
  • To measure the efficiency of an electrochemical process.
  • To control the rate and extent of an electrochemical reaction.
  • All of the above. (correct)

    • What is the relationship between the cell potential (V_cell) and the ongoing chemical changes within the cell?

    <p>V_cell is a crucial parameter that reflects the ongoing chemical changes within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of understanding the relationship between V_cell and the chemical changes in the cell?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the potential difference (V_cell) of a galvanic cell as it operates?

    <p>It decreases due to the consumption of reactants and generation of products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the potential difference (V_cell) and the concentration of products in a galvanic cell?

    <p>As the concentration of products increases, V_cell decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of the potential difference (V_cell) when a galvanic cell reaches equilibrium?

    <p>V_cell is zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the potential difference (V_cell) being zero at equilibrium in a galvanic cell?

    <p>There is no driving force for the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the qualitative relationship between the potential difference (V_cell) and the concentrations of reactants and products before equilibrium in a galvanic cell?

    <p>A high concentration of reactants and low concentration of products result in a higher V_cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As the galvanic cell reaction progresses, how does the cell potential (V_cell) change?

    <p>V_cell decreases as reactants are consumed and products are formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the magnitude of the cell potential (V_cell) in a galvanic cell?

    <p>The difference in chemical composition between the reactants and products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a galvanic cell, what is the relationship between the concentration of products and the cell potential (V_cell)?

    <p>V_cell decreases as the concentration of products increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the driving force for the galvanic cell reaction when the cell potential (V_cell) is at its maximum?

    <p>The driving force is highest when V_cell is at its maximum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a galvanic cell reaches equilibrium, what is the value of the cell potential (V_cell)?

    <p>V_cell is equal to zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding the relationship between V_cell and the chemical composition of a galvanic cell?

    <p>It is a cornerstone of electrochemical cell behavior and essential for practical applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a galvanic cell, what happens to the cell potential (V_cell) as the concentration of reactants decreases?

    <p>V_cell decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the relationship between the cell potential (V_cell) and the progress of the galvanic cell reaction?

    <p>V_cell is inversely proportional to the extent of the reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before a galvanic cell reaches equilibrium, what is the qualitative relationship between V_cell and the concentrations of reactants and products?

    <p>A high concentration of reactants and a low concentration of products result in a higher V_cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a practical application of monitoring the potential difference (V_cell) in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Predicting the remaining usable life of a battery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can galvanic cells be utilized as chemical sensors?

    <p>By tracking changes in the cell potential (V_cell) based on ion concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In industrial electrochemical processes, why is monitoring the potential difference (V_cell) important?

    <p>To ensure optimal product yield and energy efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the potential difference (V_cell) reaching zero at equilibrium in a galvanic cell?

    <p>It means that the cell can no longer do electrical work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for understanding the relationship between the potential difference (V_cell) and the chemical changes within a galvanic cell?

    <p>To design and operate batteries, sensors, and industrial processes more effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As a galvanic cell approaches equilibrium, what happens to the concentrations of reactants and products?

    <p>Reactant concentration decreases, and product concentration increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the qualitative relationship between the potential difference (V_cell) and the concentrations of reactants and products before equilibrium in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Higher V_cell corresponds to higher reactant and lower product concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the decrease in the potential difference (V_cell) as a galvanic cell operates?

    <p>The conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding the relationship between the potential difference (V_cell) and the chemical changes in a galvanic cell?

    <p>It provides a valuable tool for monitoring and controlling electrochemical processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using galvanic cells as chemical sensors?

    <p>They can measure the concentration of specific ions based on changes in V_cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the potential difference (V_cell) in a galvanic cell as reactants are consumed and products are generated?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At equilibrium in a galvanic cell, what does a V_cell value of zero indicate?

    <p>No chemical changes occurring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do increasing product ion concentrations affect the potential difference (V_cell) in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Decreases V_cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the potential difference (V_cell) of a galvanic cell when reactant ion concentrations decrease?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of V_cell being 'flat' or 'dead' at equilibrium in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Cell is inactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a galvanic cell, what is the relationship between the concentration of reactant ions and V_cell before reaching equilibrium?

    <p>Directly proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the V_cell value change as a galvanic cell progresses towards equilibrium?

    <p>Decreases exponentially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do low product ion concentrations have on the potential difference (V_cell) in a galvanic cell?

    <p>Increases V_cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At the start of a galvanic cell operation, why is the potential difference (V_cell) at its maximum?

    <p>Reactants at initial concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between the cell potential ($V_{cell}$) and the progress of the galvanic cell reaction?

    <p>$V_{cell}$ decreases as the reaction proceeds towards equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the cell potential ($V_{cell}$) being zero at equilibrium in a galvanic cell?

    <p>The cell can no longer do electrical work at equilibrium.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the decrease in $V_{cell}$ be used in practical applications?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the qualitative relationship between the potential difference ($V_{cell}$) and the concentrations of reactants and products before equilibrium in a galvanic cell?

    <p>$V_{cell}$ decreases as the concentrations of reactants decrease and the concentrations of products increase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using galvanic cells as chemical sensors?

    <p>They can measure the concentration of specific ions in a solution based on changes in $V_{cell}$.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In industrial electrochemical processes, why is monitoring the potential difference ($V_{cell}$) important?

    <p>To ensure optimal product yield by controlling the rate and extent of the reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the magnitude of the cell potential ($V_{cell}$) in a galvanic cell?

    <p>The specific redox couples involved in the reaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of the cell potential ($V_{cell}$) when a galvanic cell reaches equilibrium?

    <p>$V_{cell}$ is equal to zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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