Gallstones and Their Incidence
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the role of pronucleating factors in gallstone formation?

  • Supply mucoprotein to paste the stones together
  • Stabilize cholesterol-laden phospholipid vesicles (correct)
  • Destabilize cholesterol-laden phospholipid vesicles
  • Provide nidi for crystallization of cholesterol

    • What is the composition of pigment stones?

  • White to light brown, 5-10 mm in diameter, and crystalline
  • Yellow to golden, 3-6 mm in diameter, and irregular
  • Black to dark brown, 2-5 mm in diameter, and amorphous (correct)
  • Red to pink, less than 1 mm in diameter, and smooth

    • Why do gallstones form almost exclusively in the gallbladder?

  • The gallbladder provides nidi for crystallization of cholesterol
  • The composition of hepatic bile is abnormal
  • The gallbladder supplies mucoprotein to paste the stones together
  • The gallbladder concentrates the bile (correct)

    • What is the effect of specific bile proteins on cholesterol crystal formation?

    <p>Stabilize cholesterol-laden phospholipid vesicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of antinucleating factors in gallstone formation?

    <p>Glycoprotein, apolipoprotein, cytokeratin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of common duct stones are cholesterol stones?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of common duct stones is associated with more severe clinical manifestations?

    <p>Pigment stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many patients with choledocholithiasis may remain asymptomatic?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of patients with gallbladder stones will have common duct stones?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might develop in patients with biliary tumors?

    <p>Truly huge ducts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognosis for death rate from gallstone ileus?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of patients requiring interval cholecystectomy?

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of most common duct stones?

    <p>Gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of patients with stones in the gallbladder harboring calculi within the bile ducts?

    <p>15%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of cases where the gallbladder is empty but there are duct stones?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of pigment gallstones?

    <p>Dense mixtures of bacteria and bacterial glycocalyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT listed as a predisposing factor for pigment gallstones?

    <p>Obesity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the radiopacity percentage of pigment gallstones?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do bacteria likely play in the formation of pigment gallstones?

    <p>Converting soluble bilirubin to insoluble unconjugated bilirubin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethnic group is mentioned as having a lower incidence of pigment stones?

    <p>American Indians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of pigment stones?

    <p>Bacteria and bacterial glycocalyx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do bacteria play in the formation of pigment gallstones?

    <p>They deconjugate the soluble bilirubin­diglucuronide into insoluble unconjugated bilirubin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common predisposing factor for pigment gallstones?

    <p>Chronic hemolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the radiopacity percentage of pigment stones in the United States?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probable cause of sepsis being more common in patients with pigment gallstone disease than in those with cholesterol gallstone disease?

    <p>Increased bacterial β­glucuronidase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of the majority of gallstones in patients?

    <p>Cholesterol stones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cholesterol gallstones form in the body?

    <p>By precipitation of cholesterol from bile supersaturated with cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the stones in cholesterol gallstone disease typically form?

    <p>Exclusively within the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which population group has the highest incidence of cholesterol gallstone disease?

    <p>American Indians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does hormonal effect relate to the incidence of gallstones?

    <p>Increased estrogen levels are associated with greater cholesterol saturation of bile and increased incidence of gallstones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Right upper quadrant pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic finding in sonographic imaging of acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Gallbladder distension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of acute cholecystitis in 80% of cases?

    <p>Gallstone obstruction in the cystic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common indicator of acute cholecystitis in laboratory tests?

    <p>Leukocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a possible finding in a nonopacified gallbladder on radionuclide excretion scan?

    <p>Gallbladder shrinkage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential physical examination finding in acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Palpable gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In acute cholecystitis, what contributes to the creation of abdominal pain and tenderness?

    <p>Gallbladder inflammation and distention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the Sonographic Murphy sign in acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Gallbladder distension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common finding in gallbladder wall imaging in acute cholecystitis?

    <p>&quot;Thickening&quot; of the gallbladder wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential finding in the presence of pericholecystic fluid in acute cholecystitis?

    <p>&quot;Rim sign&quot; around the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Gallstones and Gallbladder Anatomy
    17 questions

    Gallstones and Gallbladder Anatomy

    AstonishedHexagon avatar
    AstonishedHexagon
    Gallstones and Gastrointestinal Disorders
    29 questions

    Gallstones and Gastrointestinal Disorders

    EffusiveTranscendental avatar
    EffusiveTranscendental
    Gallstones AAFP and EASL
    30 questions

    Gallstones AAFP and EASL

    NeatestPalladium avatar
    NeatestPalladium
    Gallstone Disease Overview
    120 questions

    Gallstone Disease Overview

    ProficientOklahomaCity avatar
    ProficientOklahomaCity
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser