Shark Biodiversity Review
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Questions and Answers

Galemorphs ___ have anal fins.

do

Squalimorphs ___ have anal fins.

do not

What is the maximum depth at which Angel Sharks can be found?

  • 300m
  • 100m
  • 1300m (correct)
  • 2000m

    • Angel Sharks are found primarily in the UK and California.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of pups an Angel Shark can have in a litter?

    <p>13</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Angel Sharks are primarily threatened worldwide and have a marine protected area (MPA) in the ________ Islands.

    <p>Canary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest species of shark in the Family Etmopteridae?

    <p>Dwarf Lantern Shark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Etmopteridae species are typically found in shallow waters less than 200 meters deep.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary food sources for Lantern Sharks?

    <p>Plankton, fish, and cephalopods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Lantern Sharks are ovoviviparous, meaning they give birth to live young that develop from ________ inside the mother.

    <p>eggs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many genera are there in the Family Somniosisdae?

    <p>6 genera</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sleeper sharks are adapted to live in shallow waters.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic feature do sleeper sharks have regarding their tails?

    <p>Heterocercal tail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sleeper sharks have reduced _____ fins.

    <p>dorsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics applies to the Kitefin Sharks?

    <p>They are voracious predators of a wide variety of prey.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Cookie Cutter Shark migrates horizontally in the water column.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way the underside of the Cookie Cutter Shark is adapted for hunting?

    <p>The underside has photophores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Kitefin Shark is known to have around _____ young in each litter.

    <p>14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Order Angel Sharks belong to?

    <p>Squatiniformes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Family Lantern Sharks belong to?

    <p>Etmopteridae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Family Sleeper Sharks belong to?

    <p>Somniosisdae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Family Kitefin Sharks belong to?

    <p>Dalatidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Order Cowsharks belong to?

    <p>Hexanchiformes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Cowsharks is true?

    <p>Cowsharks can have six or seven gill slits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Frilled Sharks belong to the Hexanchiforms Order.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many species are classified under the family Hexanchidae?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cowsharks exhibit a reduction in the size of the first and second ________ fins.

    <p>dorsal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the Family Frilled Sharks belong to?

    <p>Chlamydoselachia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What Family do Cowsharks belong to?

    <p>Hexanchidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following families does NOT belong to the Order Carchariniformes?

    <p>Cetorhinidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All Carchariniformes species have 5 gill slits.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many dorsal fins do Carchariniformes typically have?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The family Sphyrnidae includes the _______ sharks.

    <p>Hammerhead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following families with their corresponding common names:

    <p>Carcharhinidae = Requiem Sharks Hemigalidae = Weasel Sharks Scyliorhinidae = Catsharks Proscylliidae = Finback Catsharks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Family do Weasel Sharks belong to?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Which Family do Barbeled Houndsharks belong to?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Which Family do Houndsharks belong to?

    Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a maneater from the Family Carcharinidae?

    <p>Great White Shark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Family Carcharinidae consists of only freshwater sharks.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many genera are there in the Family Carcharinidae?

    <p>12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Glyphis River Shark belongs to the Family ______.

    <p>Carcharinidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following maneater sharks with their common names:

    <p>Carcharhinus leucas = Bull Shark Carcharhinus longimanus = Oceanic Whitetip Shark Galeocerdo cuvier = Tiger Shark Negaprion brevirostris = Lemon Shark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which family of sharks is known for their large size and filter-feeding behavior?

    <p>Cetorhinidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mouth of Lamniformes extends behind their eyes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one family of sharks included in the Lamniformes order.

    <p>Alopidae, Cetorhinidae, Lamnidae, Megachiasmidae, Mitsukurinidae, Odontaspidae, or Pseudocarcharidae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The family ______ includes the Sand Tiger Sharks.

    <p>Odontaspidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Lamniformes families with their characteristics:

    <p>Alopidae = Thresher Sharks Cetorhinidae = Basking Sharks Lamnidae = Mackerel Sharks Mitsukurinidae = Goblin Sharks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many species are in the Family Alopiidae?

    <p>3 species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thresher Sharks are ovoviviparous and have high fecundity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of thermoregulation do Thresher Sharks possess?

    <p>Endothermic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feeding method of Basking Sharks?

    <p>Filter feeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Basking Sharks are the largest living fish in the ocean.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much water can a Basking Shark strain in one hour?

    <p>1.5 million litres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Basking Shark belongs to the family _____ and migrates across large ocean areas.

    <p>Cetorhinidae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a species in the Family Lamnidae?

    <p>Hammerhead Shark</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All species in the Family Lamnidae possess prominent teeth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic shape do Mackerel Sharks, such as those in the Family Lamnidae, typically have?

    <p>Tuna-shaped bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The caudal peduncle of Mackerel Sharks features distinct ______.

    <p>keels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Shortfin Makos are ___.

    <p>Global</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Longfin Makos are ___.

    <p>Circumtropical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT associated with Bullhead Sharks?

    <p>Long, narrow snout</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bullhead Sharks belong to the Order Heterodontiformes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the genus name that translates to 'different teeth'?

    <p>Heterodontus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Bullhead Sharks have a conspicuous subterminal lobe at the end of their ______ fin.

    <p>caudal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are spiracles located on a shark's body?

    <p>On the top of the head between the eyes and gill slits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spiracles function exclusively as a food passage for sharks.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the spiracle vale?

    <p>To permit opening and closing for ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The spiracle leads to a cavity for ________.

    <p>respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following features with their functions related to spiracles:

    <p>Dorsal orifice = Leading to cavity for respiration Spiracle vale = Permitting opening and closing Water breathing passage = Facilitating gas exchange Cavity = Housing respiratory organs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Angel Sharks - Squatiniformes

    • Angel Sharks got 14 species, ol i belong long genus we i kolim Squatina.
    • Ol i stap long shallow water, i no blo long 1300m.
    • Ol i found olgeta round long wol, be mostli long UK mo California.
    • Ol i gat gills long saed blong hem hed.
    • Ol i gat terminal mouth, we i mean mouth i no stap long we yu luk.
    • Ol i lukbig pectoral mo pelvic fins.
    • Ol i gat 2 dorsal fins.
    • Ol i save born up long 13 pups long wan tim.
    • Ol i threatene long olgeta plaes long wol.
    • Ol i gat MPA (Marine Protected Area) long Canary Islands.

    Famili Etmopteridae - Lantern Sharks

    • I stap long Ord'a Squaliformes.
    • Gat 5 genus mo 45 species long famile ya.
    • Ol lanter sharks i no blong 1m long hem.
    • Smolest shark long Gras i olsem 12cm, hem i kol long Dwarf Lantern Shark.
    • Ol photophores i yusum long komuniket mo posibli long predet.
    • I spesel long dip wota, i save laef long 2000m o moa.
    • I kaekae long plankton, fis, mo cephalopods.
    • Ol i ovoviviparous, with smol black buk i baraotem.
    • Black Dogfish Shark i stap long famili ya.

    Famili Somniosisdae - Sleeper Sharks

    • Ndap resi long Oda Squaliformes.
    • I gat 6 genera mo 18 species.
    • Ol species i stap long dip wota we i pas 4000m.
    • I gat long laef taem, ol i long laef.
    • Somniosisdae i bigfala bodi.
    • Tail i heterocercal, we i difren long taem blong hem.
    • Dorsal fin i smol, i no big.
    • Tiwt i redus, upa jaw i spai mo laowa jaw i gat edje we i katem.

    Famili Dalatidae - Kitefin Sharks

    • I stap long Orden Squaliformes.
    • Gat 7 spesies.
    • Shap blong cigar, wan rounded head.
    • Averij long 1.6m long.
    • Short nose.
    • I live long ol deep wota endap long 600m.
    • I fasin blong eata plante difren kaen prey.
    • Aplacental viviparous, i borum long ~14 young.
    • Females gat 2 uteri.
    • I fae blong fishing.
    • I stap long open ocean, long depth kasem 2.3km.
    • I migaot long vertical.
    • Underside blong hem i gat photophores.
    • I save attack plante kaen prey.
    • Kolor band i save yuus long lure.
    • I save damajem submarines.

    Hexanchiforms - Cowsharks

    • Tufala famili: Chlamydoselachia mo Hexanchidae.
    • Chlamydoselachia i gat tu species blong Frilled Sharks.
    • Hexanchidae i gat tri genus mo foa species blong Cowsharks.
    • Cowsharks i gat wan dorsil fin.
    • I gat siks o sevan gill slits.

    Characteristics blong Cowsharks

    • Cowsharks i save gat siks o sevan gill slits.
    • Ol i gat big moa.
    • Tiis blong ol i gat plante cusps.
    • Finst i smol from first mo second dorsil fins.
    • Ol i longliv mo i save laekem plante chren blong pikim pipol.

    Order Carchariniformes

    • Nao 270 spesies blong Carchariniformes.
    • I gat wan nicititating membrane, wea i helpem shark blong hem lukafae.
    • Givim 2 dorsal fins, wea i helpem long movement na stability.
    • I gat 1 anal fin, wea i plante helpem long direction.
    • 5 gill slits, wea i allowem hem blong breathe.

    Families of Carchariniformes

    • Family Carcharhinidae (Requiem Sharks): I hem ol get long requiem sharks, wea i no-tok.
    • Family Hemigalidae (Weasel Sharks): Inkludim ol weasel sharks, blong diverisiti.
    • Family Leptochariidae (Barbled Houndshark): I spesifik blong barbled houndshark, wey i save look ol wetem barbles.
    • Family Proscylliidae (Finback Catsharks): I inchargem finback catsharks, wea i wankaot.
    • Family Pseudotriakidae (False Catsharks): Inkludim ol false catsharks, hem no tru catsharks.
    • Family Scyliorhinidae (Catsharks): I gat plante catsharks, wey i smol na frendli.
    • Family Sphyrnidae (Hammerhead Sharks): Hem i save long hammerhead sharks, mori unique look.
    • Family Triakidae (Houndsharks): Inkludim houndsharks, ol i save long ocean.

    Famili Carcharinidae

    • Hem i kol blong "sharky sharks"
    • Ol shark ya i mi-grate, i movem long difren ples
    • Ol shark ya i lif blong bearim ol pikinini long wat blong hot
    • I gat 12 genera mo 60 species long famili ya
    • Maneaters: Bull Shark, Oceanic Whitetip Shark, Tiger Shark, Lemon Shark, mo Blue Shark
    • Glyphis River Shark i stap long famili ya

    Order Lamniformes

    • Hem blong ol lamniformes i olsem "cheetahs blong sea," wiw inasem fas mo speed.
    • I olsem Carachariniforms, be ol i no gat nicitating membrane.
    • Mout i stret long behain blong eyeglass, olsem i no luk olsem ol narafala.

    Famili blong Lamniformes

    • Family Alopidae: I spesel lo thresher sharks; ol i wan samting save long high speed swim.
    • Family Cetorhinidae: I includem basking sharks; ol i plante mlu long sea, nao i no bad blong eitaem.
    • Family Lamnidae: I profil blong mackerel sharks; ol i kuat mo i save blong kam long ocean long hunt.
    • Family Megachiasmidae: I no forol ia, be i gat megamouth sharks; ol i wan rare type blong shark.
    • Family Mitsukurinidae: Ol i gat goblin sharks; ol i get lo fasin we i long naef mo i talem olsem ol i rare.
    • Family Odontaspidae: I includem sand tiger sharks; ol i strong mo i got long strong dent.
    • Family Pseudocarcharidae: I profil blong crocodile sharks; ol i gat smol stub mo i wan fasin rare.

    Famili Alopiidae - Thresher Sharks

    • I gat wan genus nomo, mo tri species blong thresher sharks.
    • Tri species ia: Pelagic Thresher Shark, Bigeye Thresher Shark, mo Common Thresher Shark.
    • Thresher sharks i endothermic, meaning oli fit fo bulukem temperature blong body blong olgeta.
    • Ol i long lived, oli save stap long laef blong olgeta ivan long taim.
    • Densim fasin blong ol i ovoviviparous, we dem i brokemaem egg insaed long body mo faenem baby shaks wetem slow fecundity.

    Famili Cetorhinidae - Basking Sharks

    • Basking sharks hem i sekond lajes fis blong i stap long wol, afta long Whale Shark.
    • I save mo spekulete ol long olgeta ples, olsem i no olsem stap wan ples nomo.
    • I stap faea long wat, we i bigwan mo i no kat too seim samting ol narafala fis.
    • I filtrumem 1.5 million litas blong wota evri aua, usum mo i pulum ore 5000 gill rakers blong faenim plankton.
    • Populesen blong Basking Sharks long Bay of Fundy i studiem long wets blong Dr. Andrew Westgate.

    Family Lamnidae - Mackerel Sharks

    • Ol i bigwan, fast swimming sharks
    • Ol i stap long ocean wetem plen wolwolo
    • Famili i inklud Great White, tupela Mako Shark species, Salmon, mo Porbeagle Sharks
    • Pointed snouts wetem tuna shaped bodies, big gill openings, prominent teeth, mo big eyes
    • First dorsal fin i big mo angular
    • Ol i gat smol second dorsal fin mo anal fins
    • Caudal peduncle i gat distinct keels
    • Ol i stoky sharks, i weigh 2-3 taem moa samting long ol sharks long narafala famili we i sem length

    Heterodontiformes - Bullhead Sharks

    • I gat wan staut spain long leding ej blong tuf dorsa fin.
    • Anal fin i stap long bodi blong en.
    • I gat wan spesel brow ridge i jo long abov evri aen.
    • Snout i luk olsem pig.
    • Smol maot i fulgele long antest blong aen.
    • Caudal fin i gat wan conspicuous subterminal lobe.
    • I gat 9 spesies blong Bullhead Sharks.
    • Nem blong genus i min "difren taet" (different teeth).

    Spiracles

    • Spiracles i stap long antap blong hed, bitwin ai mo gill slits.
    • I wok olsem wan pas mo we i help long breth long wara.
    • Dorsal orifice i leadem go long wan kaviti we i help long respirasyon.
    • Spiracle vale i alouem mo blokem, i givim ventilasyon.

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    Description

    Dis quiz i go kastom long diferens bitwen Galeomorphs mo Squalimorphs. Yu wanem samting long fin we i stap long dem tublae. Yu save plante mo i go faendaot long ol samting we i diferin long dem tu. Klosap lo zoology mo marine biology.

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