Chapter 1 Mixed Test

Substances that provide energy and materials for growth, development, and reproduction.

The sum of all chemical processes in an organism that create and use energy.

Anything that causes a response in an organism.

A reaction to a stimulus, such as jumping away from danger.

An increase in size or change in structure of an organism over time.

A process where organisms undergo changes, often in structure and form.

The process by which living things produce offspring.

A state where energy-using and energy-creating processes are equal in an organism.

A Roman doctor who studied internal body structures.

Fighters in ancient Rome who often sustained severe injuries.

Galen studied how blood circulated through injuries.

Galen believed blood carried a life energy through hollow tubes.

Galen thought the liver was the body's key organ for heating.

Galen’s theories were widely accepted until the 16th century.

Galen mapped out nerves but misunderstood their function.

Many of Galen's theories are now considered incorrect or odd.

13 closely related bird species from the Galapagos Islands discovered by Charles Darwin.

Different shapes of bird bills adapted for specific feeding functions.

The main role of an organism's feeding structure to gather food.

The outdated theory that living things can arise from non-living matter.

Italian doctor who disproved spontaneous generation with his experiments in the 1600s.

Changes in an organism's structures that improve survival in a specific environment.

Test where meat was kept in open, sealed, and screened jars to study maggot appearance.

Species that often show distinct variations due to isolated living conditions, like those on islands.

A remote archipelago off South America, known for diverse species and Darwin's studies.

A trait that enhances an organism's ability to thrive in its environment.

A seasonal change in coat color that helps the hare blend into snowy environments.

A unique species of iguana found in the Galapagos, adapted for marine life.

Essential processes an organism must perform to stay alive, like feeding, breathing, and reproduction.

Spines on cacti serve to deter animals from eating them.

An animal adapted with specialized feet for climbing steep terrains.

Traits common to all living organisms, like reproduction and growth.

Features that enable fish to survive in water, like gills and fins.

Specific tasks performed by parts of organisms, like gathering food or breathing.

Small openings in insects for gas exchange and breathing regulation.

Basic activities organisms must perform to remain alive, such as eating and moving.

Ability of animals to change location or position to find food or escape threats.

Process by which plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen.

A comparative table mapping organisms to their structures and functions for survival.

A system of organs that includes skin, hair, and nails, protecting the body and sensing external stimuli.

Protects internal body environment, senses pain, pressure, and temperature.

Provides insulation and protects the skin; can sense touch.

Regulates body temperature through sweat secretion.

Structure refers to how something is built, whereas function is how it works.

Groups of organs that work together to perform complex functions for the body.

The ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes.