Galenical Dosage Forms Quiz

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What is the primary focus of galenical preparations?

Isolating active ingredients from natural products
Formulating pharmaceuticals from natural sources (correct)
Developing new routes of administration
Preparing drugs from synthetic sources

What is the term 'galenicals' named after?

A Roman physician
Claudius Galen (correct)
A Greek philosopher
A medieval alchemist

What is the purpose of maceration in galenical preparation?

To isolate active ingredients from natural products
To filter out impurities from extracts
To dry plant material for storage
To mix plant material with a menstruum (correct)

Why are galenical preparations still relevant today?

Because isolation of active ingredients can be expensive and labour intensive (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of percolation in galenical preparation?

To extract active ingredients from plant material (C) Signup and view all the answers

How long does the maceration process typically take?

7 days (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process called when the solvent is kept hot during maceration?

Digestion (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of maceration when water is used as the solvent?

It may allow fungal growth during the long period of maceration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of pre-treating the material before packing it into a percolator?

To ensure the cells are hydrated and swollen (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is repeat maceration?

A process where the marc is macerated a second time and the strained liquids are combined (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of digestion?

It may not be used when components are volatile or susceptible to thermal degradation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinction between maceration and percolation?

Maceration is a time-consuming process while percolation is a short process (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using expression in processing thermolabile compounds?

It generates very little heat (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a fresh infusion and a concentrated infusion?

The concentration of the active principle (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the perforated inner container in a simple single screw press?

To allow drainage of the liquid (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the limitation of using expression in extraction?

It is only used for soft compressible materials (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of extracts?

They contain a higher proportion of the active principle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of maceration in the preparation of infusions?

To extract the active principle (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of standardizing galenicals?

To ensure adequate uniform potency (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of method measures biological effects such as heart rate and blood pressure?

Biological method (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a galenical prepared by percolation?

Compound Cardamom 28 Tincture (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of arbitrary methods in standardizing galenicals?

To determine the organoleptic characters of galenicals (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a chemical method used in standardizing galenicals?

Titration (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding alcohol to tinctures?

To confer preservation on tinctures (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for extracts prepared with ether?

Ethereal extract (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of evaporation after filtration?

To obtain a thick mass or solid extract (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of alcohol concentrations commonly used in tinctures?

45-90% v/v (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for extracts that are not standardized?

Non-standardized extract (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of preparation for tinctures prepared by admixture?

Simple admixture (D) Signup and view all the answers

Galenical preparations

Pharmaceutical preparations made from natural sources, named after Claudius Galen.

Maceration

Mixing plant material with a solvent (menstruum) for a period to extract active ingredients.