Questions and Answers
What gait pattern involves a patient using two crutches or canes and ambulates moving the left crutch forward while simultaneously advancing the right lower extremity and vice versa?
Which gait pattern can be seen with a walker or crutches, involving one injured lower extremity with decreased weight-bearing status?
What gait pattern is characterized by advancing the opposite leg once the cane or crutch has been advanced?
In a swing-to gait pattern, how does the patient advance their lower extremities?
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Which of the following describes a gait pattern where the patient performs the same sequence as swing-to, but advances the lower extremities beyond the point of the assistive device?
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When guarding a patient during curbs and stairs while ascending, where should the therapist stand?
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When descending curbs and stairs, where should the therapist stand when using a handrail?
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An assistive device is required for all the following weight-bearing restrictions except:
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Which level of weight bearing best describes a patient who can place their affected lower extremity on the ground for balance but is restricted from shifting body weight onto that extremity?
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When guarding a patient during ambulation training, what factor is NOT recommended to consider?
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Which gait pattern is most closely associated with a patient ambulating by moving the left crutch forward while simultaneously advancing the right lower extremity?
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Study Notes
Gait Patterns
- Two-point gait: Utilizes two crutches or canes; the left crutch and right leg move simultaneously, and vice versa. Each step counts as one point, with a complete cycle equating to two points.
- Three-point gait: Common with a walker or crutches; involves advancing an assistive device (AD), followed by the affected and then the unaffected leg. Each leg and the device constitute separate points.
- Four-point gait: Similar to the two-point but involves sequencing. The device is advanced first, followed by the opposite leg once the device is in place; each movement counts as a single point. Recommended for patients with coordination or balance issues.
- Swing-to gait: For patients with lower extremity weakness, both legs are moved together to the point of the assistive device.
- Swing-through gait: Moves the legs beyond the point of the assistive device while maintaining a similar sequence as the swing-to gait.
Guarding Techniques
- Ascending stairs with a handrail: Stand opposite and behind the patient, grasping the safety belt. Position one foot on the current step and the other on the step below, maintaining wide base of support (BOS).
- Ascending stairs without a handrail: Stand behind the patient near the affected side, ready to support the trunk if needed.
- Descending stairs with a handrail: Stand opposite and in front of the patient, positioning one foot on the next step and another on the step below.
- Descending stairs without a handrail: Stand in front of the patient, slightly towards the affected side, with the same positioning as with a handrail.
Weight Bearing Restrictions
- Weight bearing as tolerated: No assistive device required; the patient self-regulates based on comfort ranging from minimal to full weight bearing.
- Toe touch (touch-down) weight bearing: The patient can place the affected limb on the ground for balance but cannot shift weight onto it. An assistive device is necessary for movement.
Ambulation Considerations
- Factors affecting guarding: Height, weight, and level of impairment are critical considerations during ambulation training. Gender is not a relevant factor in this context.
- Primary Gait Recognition: Understanding gait patterns is essential for assessing patient mobility, with the two-point gait pattern being distinguished by simultaneous movement of the crutch and opposite leg.
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Description
Test your knowledge of gait training concepts with these flashcards. This quiz covers key terms and definitions related to mobility and the use of assistive devices. Perfect for students and professionals in physical therapy!
