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202 Practice KT Quiz 1

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Which white matter tract connects the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies?

fornix

Which nucleus relays auditory information from the brainstem to the thalamus?

inferior colliculus

An extradural (epidural) haematoma is commonly caused by damage to which blood vessel?

middle meningeal artery

A 69-year-old patient in the Emergency Department was found collapsed at home. His eyes are open, but he cannot respond to your voice or follow any commands. Although he cannot move his eyes or face, every time you look towards him, he blinks his eyes twice. What best describes his state of consciousness?

<p>locked in syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

What brain region is likely to be damaged in cerebral achromatopsia?

<p>cortical area V4</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cortical gyri forms part of the limbic system?

<p>cingulate gyrus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Loss of cholinergic neurons which structure underlies some of the cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease?

<p>nucleus basalis of Meynert</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is a common target for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease?

<p>subthalamic nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

Damage to which midbrain structure results in pupillomotor abnormalities?

<p>Edinger-Westphal nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What class of drugs typically inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and noradrenaline?

<p>tricyclic antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

Naloxone is administered following which clinical diagnosis?

<p>opiate overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells are capable of infinite self-renewal?

<p>neural stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sensation would be affected by damage to the anterolateral column?

<p>thermal sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain region represents the main source of afferents to the hippocampus?

<p>entorhinal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery traverses the cavernous sinus?

<p>internal carotid</p> Signup and view all the answers

A lesion in which region of the brain typically causes locked in syndrome?

<p>pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ventricle(s) would be enlarged in a patient with hydrocephalus due to narrowing (stenosis) of the cerebral aqueduct?

<p>lateral and third ventricles only</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name a mechanism by which synaptic connections are weakened.

<p>long term depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter can cause excitotoxic cell death when released from neurons excessively?

<p>glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reflex that is concerned with stabilizing gaze when the head moves?

<p>vestibulo-ocular reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

Stimulation of which cells elicits the optokinetic reflex?

<p>photoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin is used to treat blepharospasm?

<p>botulinum toxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the facial nerve enter the petrous temporal bone?

<p>via the internal acoustic meatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does chronic stress impact the hippocampus?

<p>loss of pyramidal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

The tentorium cerebelli contains which dural sinus?

<p>transverse sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a neurological examination on a patient, lightly brushing the skin over the left hand caused a painful response. Phosphorylation of which receptors in the spinal cord may be responsible for this response?

<p>N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which neurochemical inactivates catecholamines in the cytoplasm?

<p>catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Entecapone is used in the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. What is the mechanism of this drug in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease?

<p>inhibits catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mode of action of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MNDA or ecstasy)?

<p>makes NE and 5-HT transporters to run backwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pregabalin is prescribed to a patient with neuropathic pain. What is the likely mechanism of action?

<p>blocks voltage-gated calcium channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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