202 Practice KT Quiz 1
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Questions and Answers

Which white matter tract connects the hippocampus to the mammillary bodies?

  • corpus callosum
  • fornix (correct)
  • internal capsule
  • medial lemniscus
  • Which nucleus relays auditory information from the brainstem to the thalamus?

  • gracile nucleus
  • lateral geniculate nucleus
  • inferior colliculus (correct)
  • red nucleus
  • An extradural (epidural) haematoma is commonly caused by damage to which blood vessel?

  • anterior communicating artery
  • basilar artery
  • posterior cerebral artery
  • middle meningeal artery (correct)
  • A 69-year-old patient in the Emergency Department was found collapsed at home. His eyes are open, but he cannot respond to your voice or follow any commands. Although he cannot move his eyes or face, every time you look towards him, he blinks his eyes twice. What best describes his state of consciousness?

    <p>locked in syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What brain region is likely to be damaged in cerebral achromatopsia?

    <p>cortical area V4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cortical gyri forms part of the limbic system?

    <p>cingulate gyrus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Loss of cholinergic neurons which structure underlies some of the cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease?

    <p>nucleus basalis of Meynert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is a common target for deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease?

    <p>subthalamic nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Damage to which midbrain structure results in pupillomotor abnormalities?

    <p>Edinger-Westphal nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of drugs typically inhibits the reuptake of both serotonin and noradrenaline?

    <p>tricyclic antidepressants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Naloxone is administered following which clinical diagnosis?

    <p>opiate overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are capable of infinite self-renewal?

    <p>neural stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sensation would be affected by damage to the anterolateral column?

    <p>thermal sensation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which brain region represents the main source of afferents to the hippocampus?

    <p>entorhinal cortex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery traverses the cavernous sinus?

    <p>internal carotid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A lesion in which region of the brain typically causes locked in syndrome?

    <p>pons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ventricle(s) would be enlarged in a patient with hydrocephalus due to narrowing (stenosis) of the cerebral aqueduct?

    <p>lateral and third ventricles only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name a mechanism by which synaptic connections are weakened.

    <p>long term depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter can cause excitotoxic cell death when released from neurons excessively?

    <p>glutamate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reflex that is concerned with stabilizing gaze when the head moves?

    <p>vestibulo-ocular reflex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stimulation of which cells elicits the optokinetic reflex?

    <p>photoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which toxin is used to treat blepharospasm?

    <p>botulinum toxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the facial nerve enter the petrous temporal bone?

    <p>via the internal acoustic meatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does chronic stress impact the hippocampus?

    <p>loss of pyramidal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The tentorium cerebelli contains which dural sinus?

    <p>transverse sinus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During a neurological examination on a patient, lightly brushing the skin over the left hand caused a painful response. Phosphorylation of which receptors in the spinal cord may be responsible for this response?

    <p>N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurochemical inactivates catecholamines in the cytoplasm?

    <p>catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Entecapone is used in the treatment of Parkinson’s Disease. What is the mechanism of this drug in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease?

    <p>inhibits catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of action of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MNDA or ecstasy)?

    <p>makes NE and 5-HT transporters to run backwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pregabalin is prescribed to a patient with neuropathic pain. What is the likely mechanism of action?

    <p>blocks voltage-gated calcium channels</p> Signup and view all the answers

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