Untitled Quiz

different genes

<p>A DNA molecule is ligated to RNA-derived DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The genome determines the phenotype.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transcription of retrotransposon DNA is needed for transposition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blastula cells committed to endoderm cannot change their fate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hox gene protein products bind to DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ectoderm expands downward during early gastrulation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gastrulation involves changes in cell motility, shape, and adhesion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>HOX genes encode related growth factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The root tip is not comprised mostly of meristem tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most volume increase in cell expansion is due to vacuole enlargement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binding of Notch to Jagged allows Jagged to become a transcription factor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The elongation factor binds each charged tRNA and then binds to the ribosome, releasing tRNA that does not properly base pair its anticodon loop with a codon on the mRNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Directly modify chromatin by catalyzing the covalent modification of histones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzyme-catalyzed modification of histones with methyl groups causes chromatin to fold more compactly</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Translation of a mRNA molecule starts after completion of its synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gene expression is stimulated by a 'double-negative' mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All eukaryotic genes show pausing in transcription just after initiation of pre-mRNA synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>microRNAs act on their own to inhibit mRNA translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>RNA interference is associated with the formation of double-stranded RNAs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cohesin promotes formation of chromatin loops that bring together enhancer and promoter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oncogenes are derived from normal genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>piRNAs form a complex with Argonaute proteins and inhibit translation by binding to 5' UTR</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tumor suppressor genes typically stimulate cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All mutations in cancer cells help drive cancer formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria use restriction enzymes to protect against phage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polymerase chain reaction cannot amplify copies of a specific DNA segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Combine template DNA, polymerase, two primers that anneal to different strands, deoxyribonucleotides, buffer, and heat to denature DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measuring the amount of catalytic activity by enzymes expressed from genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clues to functional identity of computer-predicted genes come from known genes of other organisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The active form of the PDGF receptor has more phosphates covalently attached to its cytoplasmic domain than the inactive form of the receptor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>GRB2 is bound specifically to any of multiple phosphate groups on the C-terminal domain of the activated PDGF receptor and to SOS.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell products of meiosis have the same number of chromosomes as cells starting meiosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In a cross between heterozygotes, the recessive phenotype can be seen in the progeny of the cross.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cell cycle progression involves the synthesis and degradation of cyclins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In response to low oxygen, Epo stimulates division of stem cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the early phase of meiosis, there are large numbers of double strand breaks in the chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consistent co-inheritance of two different parental traits suggests that genes for these two characters are on the same chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In human cells at the start of meiosis, just after G2 phase, there are 46 chromosomes per cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The female phenotype in humans is due to two fully active X chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Initial DNA synthesis on each strand of DNA produces a continuous stretch of DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA synthesis generates both the leading and lagging strands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each of the 22 autosomes in a sperm is the result of recombination between a maternal and a paternal chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Silenced DNA can be anywhere inside the nucleus of the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Overlapping base triplets specify amino acid sequence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>At the M phase to G1 transition, an active helicase is assembled around a strand of chromosomal DNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Methylation of histones always leads to condensation of chromatin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Messenger RNA (mRNA) is transcribed from the template strand of a gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Correct matching of tRNA and amino acid is catalyzed by ribosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In nucleic acid synthesis in cells, deoxyribonucleotides are added to DNA and ribonucleotides are added to RNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Misincorporation of a nucleotide during DNA replication can only be repaired by the mismatch repair system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy for polypeptide initiation and elongation comes from GTP hydrolysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each operon typically contains a single gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A fully functional initiation complex binds both the 5' and 3' ends of the mRNA.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulatory genes are expressed continuously, although at a low rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DNA replication and translation are error-free processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enzymes often change shape when they bind their substrate(s).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The allosteric site is never the same as the active site.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polypeptide synthesis involves addition of amino acid monomers only at the C- (COOH-) terminus of the polypeptide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein folding in cells is highly efficient with more than 95% of all newly synthesized polypeptides folding into their native, fully functional shapes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A positively-acting allosteric ligand typically remains on the allosteric site of an enzyme for an extended period of time, thereby providing a kind of memory and sustaining an active enzyme state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The plasma membrane of bearberry (an arctic tundra plant) has more unsaturated fatty acids (fatty acids with double bonds) in its phospholipids than does that of guava (a tropical plant).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sodium-potassium pump actively transports sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) in equal numbers across the plasma membrane of animal cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The main function of ATPases in cells is the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transmembrane proteins have a similar orientation of nonpolar side chains as do globular proteins, where such hydrophobic groups move to the interior of the proteins and promote formation of their tertiary or quarternary structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Like mitochondria, chloroplasts are static, rigid, relatively immobile organelles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The endoplasmic reticulum of the cytoplasm is directly connected to the Golgi apparatus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cells maintain an inside-positive membrane potential due to a gradient of K+ across the plasma membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bending of cilium generated by microtubule depolymerization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Only a few eukaryotic cells - typically just dividing cells - have microtubules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The mRNA for a blood protein has a targeting signal that causes that mRNA plus an attached ribosome to move to the rough ER where protein synthesis begins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some Ca2+ channels are gated (regulated) by voltage so that they open when the membrane potential becomes less negative, allowing the diffusion of Ca2+ into cells down a chemical gradient created by a Ca2+ pump.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The electron transport chain of mitochondria resides in its inner membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose is reduced to carbon dioxide (CO2) in cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Globular, water-soluble proteins leaving the Golgi complex are contained in the lumen of a common set of vesicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases in the length of a microtubule are mediated by covalent attachment of tubulin subunits to the end of that microtubule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>G protein-coupled receptors continuously bind a G protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Along the mitochondrial inner membrane, NAD+ (a reduced coenzyme) acts on the matrix side as an electron donor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Once active, each protein kinase is completely free to catalyze the phosphorylation of a variety of other proteins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In metaphase, all chromosome pairs are aligned with their centromeres at the metaphase plate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Duplication of chromosomes occurs during M phase (mitosis).</p> Signup and view all the answers