Properties of H2O and pH
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Questions and Answers

According to the text, what is the ratio of HCO3- to H2CO3 at pH = 7.4?

  • 1.3
  • 20 (correct)
  • 6.1
  • 24

    • What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cell?

  • To convert H2CO3 to HCO3-
  • To convert H2CO3 to CO2
  • To convert HCO3- to H2CO3
  • To convert CO2 to H2CO3 (correct)

    • Why does blood pH increase with hyperventilation?

  • Decreased production of H2CO3
  • Increased removal of CO2 (correct)
  • Decreased removal of CO2
  • Increased production of HCO3-

    • How does the body protect itself against acidity?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do cells die when the pH falls below 6.8?

    <p>Due to denaturation of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the kidney in modifying bicarbonate excretion?

    <p>To increase bicarbonate excretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the bicarbonate buffer system?

    <p>To maintain a neutral pH in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to H2CO3 in the lungs?

    <p>It is converted to water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the lungs?

    <p>To convert H2CO3 to CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lung in modifying CO2 removal?

    <p>To increase CO2 removal by increasing ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an unusual property of water?

    <p>Melting point of 0⁰C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bonds are formed between water molecules?

    <p>Hydrogen bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH value of neutrality?

    <p>pH 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dissociation constant of water?

    <p>1X10-14 M2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH value of a solution with a [H+] concentration of 10-4 M?

    <p>pH 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range for cell survival?

    <p>pH 6.8 - 7.8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a strong acid?

    <p>HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an acid in a solution?

    <p>To donate a H+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the solvent in a solution?

    <p>To dissolve solutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the solubility of hydrophobic substances in water?

    <p>Low solubility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation?

    <p>It can only be used for weak acids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a buffer?

    <p>It can only maintain a constant pH.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At a pH of 3.74 for acetic acid, what is the ratio of salt to acid?

    <p>1000:1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system?

    <p>It is the most effective extracellular buffer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pKa of the phosphate buffer system?

    <p>2.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physiological buffer system?

    <p>Hemoglobin buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range that the phosphate buffer system buffers best?

    <p>5.1-7.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system?

    <p>It catalyzes the formation of carbonic acid from water and carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range of the blood maintained by the body?

    <p>7.36-7.44</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concentration of bicarbonate in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>24 mmol/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the properties of water?

    <p>Water has the highest density at 0°C.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of $10^{-6}$ M?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the dissociation constant ($K_w$) of water?

    <p>$1 \ imes 10^{-14}$ M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH of a neutral solution?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range for cell survival?

    <p>6.8-7.8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a strong acid?

    <p>HCl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strength of a hydrogen bond compared to a covalent bond?

    <p>5 kcal/mol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the solubility of hydrophobic substances?

    <p>Hydrophobic substances have low solubility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hydrogen bonds can each water molecule form with other water molecules?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of pH values shown in the graph?

    <p>0-14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation, what is the pH of a solution containing 0.01M acetic acid and 0.001M acetate ion?

    <p>4.74</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At a pH of 3.74 for acetic acid, what is the ratio of salt/acid?

    <p>1:10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range at which phosphate buffers best?

    <p>2.1-12.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which buffer system is the most effective extracellular buffer?

    <p>Bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of carbonic anhydrase in the bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system?

    <p>To catalyze the formation of carbonic acid from bicarbonate ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pKa value of the bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system?

    <p>6.1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concentration of bicarbonate ions in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>4-5 mmol/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which buffer system is present inside cells?

    <p>Phosphate buffer system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range at which the phosphate buffer system buffers best?

    <p>2.1-12.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hemoglobin in buffering pH?

    <p>To bind and release hydrogen ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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