Untitled Quiz

Rizal's Exile, Trial, and Death

• Rizal's exile to Dapitan lasted from 1892 to 1896.
• Dapitan was a remote town in Mindanao, serving as an outpost for the Spanish.
• It was the only location witnessing Rizal's fate since July 1896, under Jesuit missionary jurisdiction.
• Rizal arrived in Manila on June 26, 1892, causing a sensational reaction.
• His popularity worried the Spanish, prompting thorough searches of houses where he stayed and people who associated with him.
• On July 3, 1892, Rizal founded the La Liga Filipina in Manila.
• Four days later, he was arrested.
• Arrest grounds included publishing anti-Catholic/anti-friar material, possession of inflammatory pamphlets ("Pobres Frailes"), and dedicating El Filibusterismo to perceived traitors (Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora), advocating independence.
• Governor General Despujol deported Rizal to Dapitan on July 7, 1892.
• Further, the circulation of Rizal's works was prohibited in the Philippines.
• Rizal's notable accomplishments during exile include establishing a clinic and operating on his mother's cataracts, undertaking studies of local medicine, offering free medical care to the underprivileged, founding a school (no tuition), holding classes beneath a Talisay tree, and developing a comprehensive curriculum covering several subjects.
• Rizal's involvement in community projects included constructing a water system, draining marshlands to combat malaria, establishing lighting systems, and remodeling the town plaza.
• Inventions developed during his exile include a cigarette lighter and a machine for improved brick production.
• His scientific discoveries include the discovery of the Rhacophorus Rizali (rare frog), Apogonia Rizali (small beetle), and Draco Rizali (flying dragon)
• Rizal acquired 70 hectares of land where crops and a variety of trees were planted.
• He planned for agricultural development, including a cacao colony in Dapitan.
• Rizal engaged in profitable business including hemp production and shipping to Manila.
• He also built a clinic, and a school
• He assembled a significant conchology collection with 346 shells representing 203 species.
• George Taufer, who had an eye ailment, traveled to Dapitan to seek help from Rizal and was accompanied by his adopted daughter, Josephine Bracken.
• Rizal and Josephine Bracken married and lived in his octagonal house in Dapitan.
• Rizal's plans were interrupted by visits from Dr. Pio Valenzuela and Raymundo Mata, who informed him about the founding of the Katipunan and subsequent planned revolution.
• Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt prompted Rizal to join the Spanish Army.
• Rizal's request to become a surgeon in Cuba was approved.
• He left for Manila and eventually went to Fort Santiago, where he faced arrest
• His trial commenced on December 26, 1896. Accusations included rebellion, sedition, and illegal association.
• The trial was controversial during a time of political discord and turmoil.
• The Spanish authorities sought evidence, including documents, testimonies, and confessions.
• On December 28, 1896, the execution order was signed. 
• Rizal refused to kneel or be blindfolded during his execution, and requested to be executed from behind, not shot in the head, but in the back.
• Witnesses testify to the events and circumstances of his last 24 hours, detailing farewells and expressions of faith
• On December 30, 1896, Rizal was executed at Bagumbayan (now Rizal Park).
• The controversy regarding a retraction document and the authenticity of its claims continued.

Rizal's Last 24 Hours

• On December 29, 1896, Rizal received the notice of his impending execution.
• His final moments were spent in prayer and confession.
• He ate a simple breakfast of boiled eggs.
• He provided his remaining personal belongings to family members, including his last poem, Mi Ultimo Adios.
• He was not granted the opportunity to see his mother.