Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one of the key individual weaknesses that can lead to a lack of integrity?
What is one of the key individual weaknesses that can lead to a lack of integrity?
Which factor contributes to weak systems and procedures within organizations?
Which factor contributes to weak systems and procedures within organizations?
What characteristic is indicative of toxic culture within a community regarding integrity?
What characteristic is indicative of toxic culture within a community regarding integrity?
Which of the following best describes poor leadership in the context of integrity?
Which of the following best describes poor leadership in the context of integrity?
Signup and view all the answers
Which aspect of procurement can lead to conflicts of interest?
Which aspect of procurement can lead to conflicts of interest?
Signup and view all the answers
In fraud prevention, which of the following is NOT a common weakness that can occur in organizations?
In fraud prevention, which of the following is NOT a common weakness that can occur in organizations?
Signup and view all the answers
What can be a consequence of a messy organisational structure?
What can be a consequence of a messy organisational structure?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following reasons explains why individuals might get caught up in corruption?
Which of the following reasons explains why individuals might get caught up in corruption?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason the accused committed embezzlement with zakat fitrah and orphan donation collections?
What is the primary reason the accused committed embezzlement with zakat fitrah and orphan donation collections?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is considered a significant integrity issue in contract and tender processes?
Which of the following is considered a significant integrity issue in contract and tender processes?
Signup and view all the answers
Which action reflects a conflict of interest in procurement?
Which action reflects a conflict of interest in procurement?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common ethical challenge in the supervision of employees?
What is a common ethical challenge in the supervision of employees?
Signup and view all the answers
In procurement, which of the following practices is a sign of fraud?
In procurement, which of the following practices is a sign of fraud?
Signup and view all the answers
What consequence might arise from excessive purchases in procurement?
What consequence might arise from excessive purchases in procurement?
Signup and view all the answers
Which scenario exemplifies a lack of efficiency in supervising a department?
Which scenario exemplifies a lack of efficiency in supervising a department?
Signup and view all the answers
What unethical practice involves misreporting or distorting facts to benefit a contractor?
What unethical practice involves misreporting or distorting facts to benefit a contractor?
Signup and view all the answers
What failure can lead to not complying with departmental rules?
What failure can lead to not complying with departmental rules?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a red flag for corruption in the purchase and supply sector?
What is a red flag for corruption in the purchase and supply sector?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a form of embezzlement identified in the subsidy audit examination?
What is a form of embezzlement identified in the subsidy audit examination?
Signup and view all the answers
What tactic described reveals a conflict of interest when a contractor engages in unethical practices?
What tactic described reveals a conflict of interest when a contractor engages in unethical practices?
Signup and view all the answers
Which scenario exemplifies fraud prevention by ensuring integrity in procurement?
Which scenario exemplifies fraud prevention by ensuring integrity in procurement?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the outcome for the former director charged with forgery?
What was the outcome for the former director charged with forgery?
Signup and view all the answers
What unethical action did the factory manager commit to secure a job position?
What unethical action did the factory manager commit to secure a job position?
Signup and view all the answers
In what way did the public agency official's actions reflect a breach of ethics?
In what way did the public agency official's actions reflect a breach of ethics?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following describes a scenario of breach of trust?
Which of the following describes a scenario of breach of trust?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common challenge in preventing embezzlement in subsidy programs?
What is a common challenge in preventing embezzlement in subsidy programs?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Module 2: Integrity is the Core of Wellbeing
- Integrity is a core component of wellbeing.
- A quote from the Quran highlights the importance of personal change to effect societal change.
- "Indeed, Allah does not change the state of the people until they change the state of themselves." - Al-Quran, Ar-Ra'd: 11
Importance of National Governance
- Good governance is crucial for a country's prosperity and progress.
- Good governance directly influences the well-being of the people.
- Concrete governance planning promotes transparency, accountability, inclusiveness, and effectiveness. These aspects contribute to a civil, democratic, and well-functioning administration.
Governance
- Governance encompasses several areas:
- Corporate governance
- Human governance
Governance / Corporate Governance
- Corporate governance is the process and structure used to direct and manage a company.
- Its aim is driving business prosperity and corporate accountability with a focus on long-term shareholder value while considering other stakeholder interests.
- The High Level Finance Committee Report (1999) defines corporate governance.
Governance / Human Governance
- Human governance revolves around the inherent principles guiding human actions.
- Human behaviour is shaped by a common set of principles. (Salleh and Ahmad, 2010).
Ethics in Life
- Ethics involves understanding right and wrong, good and bad.
- Ethical principles guide individual decision-making in situations requiring choices.
No Integrity - Causes of Corruption
- The lack of integrity is a root cause of corruption.
Meaning of Integrity
- Integrity is characterized by honesty and strong principles, representing a state of wholeness and unity.
- The Oxford Dictionary (2nd Edition 2003) defines this quality.
- The Dewan Dictionary (2000 Edition) defines integrity as honesty, transparency, perfection, and integrity.
- Integrity is a superior quality in individuals and organisations. It aligns closely with ethical conduct. (PIN, 2004)
- Integrity is based on values such as honesty, truth, trust, fairness, responsibility, transparency, efficiency, and wisdom. (Malaysian Integrity Institute)
- Integrity is about doing the right thing even when no one is watching. (C.S. Lewis)
How is the Integrity of Malaysian Society?
- This section questions the current state of integrity within Malaysian society.
Assessing the Integrity of Malaysians?
- This is a testing/evaluation section regarding the level of integrity.
Is this act considered integrity?
- This points towards evaluating specific actions to determine whether they demonstrate integrity.
Actual Cases Without Integrity
- Specific examples of corruption are provided:
- Embezzlement in rice fertiliser subsidies:
- Rice farmers did not receive fertiliser subsidies.
- Recipients were not always farmers.
- Some recipients received from multiple sources.
- Some recipients exceeded eligibility limits. (Lkan 2012)
- Forging own promotion documents:
- A director forged promotion documents to gain higher positions and financial benefits. (Seremban 2012, 2015)
- Taking advantage of single mothers:
- A public official demanded sexual favours in exchange for approving housing applications. (Nov 18, 2014)
- Forging a degree:
- A factory manager forged a degree to gain employment. (Kuala Lumpur 2016)
- Breach of trust (amil jailed):
- A religious official misappropriated zakat funds. (Kulaijaya 2011)
Why Individuals Get Caught Up in Corruption and Misuse of Power
- Factors contributing to individuals engaging in corrupt practices are analyzed.
Integrity Deterioration Factors
- Factors that drive the declining integrity level are presented:
- Poor Leadership
- Individual Weaknesses
- Culture Issues
- Weaknesses in systems and procedures
- Structures and Institutions Issues
- Toxic Culture
Individual Weaknesses Contributing to Corruption
- Lack of integrity as an ingrained cultural value
- Poor self-defense mechanisms
- Lack of appreciation for pure values
- Imperfect work ethic
- Greed
- Reflecting on one's own weaknesses
- Life pressure
- Taking chances
- Seeking luxury and extravagance
Poor Leadership Contributing to Corruption
- Failure to set a good example
- Insufficient emphasis on integrity
- Violation of rules and procedures
- Lack of congruence between actions and words.
Weaknesses of Systems and Procedures Contributing to Corruption
- Procedures that are weak and prone to corruption
- Outdated and inappropriate rules
- Lack of transparency
- Insufficient enforcement
- Limited monitoring
- Inadequate resources
Toxic Culture Contributing to Corruption
- Communities that do not value integrity
- Fear of retaliation (for reporting corruption)
- Indifference towards corruption
Structures and Institutions Contributing to Corruption
- Messy and outdated organisational structures
- Unclear or unreasonable organizational goals
- Overlapping responsibilities, lack of coordination between institutions
- Conflicts of objectives between institutions
Contract and Tender; Purchase and Supply; Enforcement and Supervision; Office Property and Assets
- Different areas of governance where integrity issues emerge are highlighted. These specific fields have their own unique integrity issues.
Government Initiatives to Improve Integrity of Public Services
- The government has adopted several initiatives to foster integrity within public services.
- Key examples are listed, from 1979 to 2019.
- Excellent Service Guide
- Time Recorder Card
- Look East Policy
- Leadership By Example
- Islamic Work Ethics
- National Integrity Plan (PIN)
- Various value audits and Acts
- Special Anti-Corruption Committees
- Key examples are listed, from 1979 to 2019.
Activity (Crossword Puzzle)
- A crossword puzzle related to the topic integrity is given.
- The key is to identify words related to the concept of integrity
Overall
- The presentation emphasizes the importance of integrity, provides real-world examples of corruption and the factors that lead to it, and concludes with recommendations for improvement.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
