Fungi Types and Characteristics

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What is the primary function of the capsule in Cryptococcus?

It prevents phagocytosis (correct)

It causes the immune system to overreact

It facilitates phagocytosis

It enhances the immune response

What is the main difference between commensal yeasts and moulds?

There are commensal yeasts, but no commensal moulds (correct)

Yeasts and moulds are both always commensal

Moulds are always commensal, while yeasts are always pathogenic

Yeasts are always commensal, while moulds are always pathogenic

What is the primary substrate used by dermatophytes to infect?

Chitin

Keratin (correct)

Cellulose

Lignin

What is the name of the dermatophyte infection that affects the scalp?

Tinea capitis Signup and view all the answers

How does Aspergillus fumigatus cause disease?

Through inhalation of spores Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the toxin produced by Aspergillus flavus that is ingested through contaminated food?

Aflatoxin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way yeasts reproduce?

By budding Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key difference between yeasts and moulds?

Yeasts are unicellular, while moulds are multicellular Signup and view all the answers

How do yeasts form pseudohyphae?

Via bud elongation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the way moulds produce specialized structures for reproduction?

Spore formation Signup and view all the answers

How can you distinguish between mould and yeast infections?

Using a fluorescence stain Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of mould hyphae?

They are regularly septate and parallel-sided Signup and view all the answers

Which yeast species is commensal to the human GI tract?

Candida albicans Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of candidiasis?

Candida albicans Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the skin lesion infection associated with the face and scalp?

Candida granuloma Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the infection associated with nail infections?

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the destructive enzymes produced by Candida albicans?

To degrade extracellular matrix proteins Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the toxin produced by Candida albicans during hyphal invasion?

Candidalysin Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by Cryptococcus neoformans?

Cryptococcosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the target of Cryptococcus neoformans?

The brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the yeast species that causes cryptococcosis?

Cryptococcus neoformans Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the infection associated with baby's diapers?

Nappy dermatitis Signup and view all the answers