Fungal Pathogens and Virulence Factors Quiz
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Fungal Pathogens and Virulence Factors Quiz

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@AmiableMaclaurin

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following fungal pathogens can cause infections through environmental contamination?

  • Penicillium chrysogenum
  • Candida albicans
  • Cryptococcus neoformans (correct)
  • Aspergillus famigatus

    • What is a common attribute of Aspergillus famigatus virulence?

  • Adherence to host tissue
  • Biofilm formation
  • Growth and development
  • Thermotolerance (correct)

    • Which fungal pathogen is known as the 'sugar-coated killer'?

  • Aspergillus famigatus
  • Candida albicans
  • Cryptococcus neoformans (correct)
  • Penicillium chrysogenum

    • What is a key area of focus in the study of fungal pathogenesis?

    <p>Adaptation to host environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fungal pathogen is associated with biofilm formation?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the roles of fungi in ecosystems?

    <p>Drive global carbon cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some factors that influence the extent of localized infection or dissemination?

    <p>The immune status of the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are infections caused by endemic, dimorphic pathogens different from other fungal infections?

    <p>They are acquired in specific geographic regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines an infection as nosocomial (hospital-acquired)?

    <p>Infection detected within the first 48 hours of hospitalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are infections spread by some community-associated mycoses?

    <p>By sharing towels and items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor distinguishes endemic fungi from other opportunistic fungal pathogens?

    <p>Their limited geographic range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the defining feature of endemic fungi?

    <p>Limited geographic range</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common species causing human infections among Candida species?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fourth most common cause of nosocomial infections in the United States?

    <p>Candida albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are Candida albicans usually transmitted from mother to infant?

    <p>Through childbirth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the population can typically have Candida albicans as harmless commensals?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an adaptation necessary for Candida growth and persistence in humans?

    <p>Inability to adapt to changing microenvironments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is adherence to host tissue essential for commensals like Candida?

    <p>To colonize hosts and cause disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the environmental stressors that may have shaped A.fumigatus' adaptability to immunocompromised mammals?

    <p>Heat, nutrient competition, predation, and UV radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is A.fumigatus' natural habitat as mentioned in the text?

    <p>In compost piles in the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the perspective highlighted regarding A.fumigatus' virulence attributes?

    <p>They evolved in response to environmental pressures in the soil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Cryptococcus neoformans a model organism for studying human fungal pathogenesis?

    <p>Its status as a basidiomycete yeast found in soil, trees, and bird poop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of Cryptococcus neoformans as mentioned in the text?

    <p>It has a protective capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT mentioned as a source of potential selective pressures on A.fumigatus according to the text?

    <p>Predation by larger mammals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key steps involved in fungal infection process?

    <p>Entry into the host, evasion of the host's immune system, colonization of tissues, and causing damage or disease symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What attributes are required for fungi to successfully invade mammalian hosts?

    <p>Ability to resist oxidative stress, grow at mammalian body temperatures, and scavenge nutrients from the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the determining factor that allows fungi to cause disease in hosts?

    <p>Host's immune system status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor plays a crucial role in determining whether human fungal infections occur?

    <p>Host's immune system status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is resistance to oxidative stress important for fungi invading mammalian hosts?

    <p>To survive in the host's body environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

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