Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the effect of azoles and amphotericin B on membrane homeostasis?
What is the effect of azoles and amphotericin B on membrane homeostasis?
What is the role of Hsp90 chaperone in stress signaling?
What is the role of Hsp90 chaperone in stress signaling?
What is the resistance mechanism found in many fungal species due to overexpression of specific efflux pumps?
What is the resistance mechanism found in many fungal species due to overexpression of specific efflux pumps?
What is the effect of mitochondrial alterations on fluconazole resistance?
What is the effect of mitochondrial alterations on fluconazole resistance?
Signup and view all the answers
Antifungal compounds used in clinical therapy only target mechanisms present in fungi and do not affect human cells.
Antifungal compounds used in clinical therapy only target mechanisms present in fungi and do not affect human cells.
Signup and view all the answers
Invasive fungal infections are often caused by non-pathogenic fungi.
Invasive fungal infections are often caused by non-pathogenic fungi.
Signup and view all the answers
Successful clinical outcome of invasive fungal infections requires early diagnosis and effective antifungal therapy.
Successful clinical outcome of invasive fungal infections requires early diagnosis and effective antifungal therapy.
Signup and view all the answers
Overexpression of efflux pumps is the resistance mechanism found in all fungal species including echinocandin or polyene-resistant fungal isolates.
Overexpression of efflux pumps is the resistance mechanism found in all fungal species including echinocandin or polyene-resistant fungal isolates.
Signup and view all the answers
Mitochondrial alterations have no effect on fluconazole resistance.
Mitochondrial alterations have no effect on fluconazole resistance.
Signup and view all the answers
Cellular stress signaling does not provide protection against drug-induced stress conditions.
Cellular stress signaling does not provide protection against drug-induced stress conditions.
Signup and view all the answers
Changing the ratio of phospholipid species (PLs) does not impact membrane homeostasis.
Changing the ratio of phospholipid species (PLs) does not impact membrane homeostasis.
Signup and view all the answers
Acquired resistance to antifungal drugs is mainly a result of mutations or gene gain
Acquired resistance to antifungal drugs is mainly a result of mutations or gene gain
Signup and view all the answers
Echinocandins are equally effective against all Candida species
Echinocandins are equally effective against all Candida species
Signup and view all the answers
Polyene drugs cause cell death in fungi by binding to ergosterol in the fungal plasma membrane
Polyene drugs cause cell death in fungi by binding to ergosterol in the fungal plasma membrane
Signup and view all the answers
ABC or MFS transporters are the primary targets of echinocandins and polyene-resistant fungal isolates.
ABC or MFS transporters are the primary targets of echinocandins and polyene-resistant fungal isolates.
Signup and view all the answers
Mitochondrial alterations have been reported to facilitate fluconazole resistance in C. glabrata.
Mitochondrial alterations have been reported to facilitate fluconazole resistance in C. glabrata.
Signup and view all the answers
Hsp90 chaperone is not involved in stress signaling and protein stabilization.
Hsp90 chaperone is not involved in stress signaling and protein stabilization.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Antifungal Drug Resistance: Mechanisms and Implications
- Drug resistance severely limits therapy due to few treatment options
- Intrinsic resistance occurs naturally without mutation or gene gain
- Acquired resistance results from evolutionary adaptation to antibiotics
- Azole resistance is substantial among Candida and Aspergillus species
- Mechanisms of azole resistance include upregulation of drug transporters and alterations in drug target
- Efflux pumps and modifications to the sterol biosynthesis pathway are common causes of azole resistance
- Polyene drugs bind ergosterol in fungal plasma membrane, causing cell death
- Polyene resistance is caused by loss-of-function mutations in ergosterol biosynthesis gene
- Echinocandins are effective against most Candida species but less active against Candida parapsilosis
- Echinocandin resistance is associated with genetic mutations in FKS genes
- Biofilms protect against antifungal compounds and increase adherence to host surfaces
- Mechanisms of antifungal resistance include structural target site alterations and metabolic bypass
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your knowledge of fungal adaptation with this quiz! Explore how fungi overcome environmental challenges and develop defenses against antifungal compounds. Learn about beneficial mutations, cellular physiology adjustments, sexual reproduction, and genetic factors driving evolution.
