Fundamentals of Physics Quiz

Course Information

• Course name: Basic Physics
• Course code: OFRPY102
• Instructor: Dr. Mohamed Tharwat
• University: Menoufia University
• Department: Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology / Faculty of Electronic Engineering

Session Policy

• Respect is essential for learning
• Differences of opinion should not hinder mutual understanding
• Encourage a positive and participatory learning environment
• Focus on the subject matter during class
• Mobile phones should be turned off during lectures
• Active participation is welcome

Course Outline

• Introduction
• Physics and Mathematics
• Units
• Definitions of Base Units
• Dimension
• Dimensional Analysis
• Solved Problems

Course Content

• Chapter 1: Units and Dimensions
• Chapter 2: Temperature
• Chapter 3: Heat and Work
• Chapter 4: Gases
• Chapter 5: Electricity
• Chapter 6: Magnetism
• Chapter 7: Reflection and Refraction of Light
• Chapter 8: Atomic Physics, Nuclear Physics and Radiation

Course References

• Raymond A. Serway, Robert J. Beichner: Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
• David Halliday, Robert Resnick, Jearl Walker: Fundamentals of Physics (9th Edition)

Introduction to Physics

• Physics is the study of nature and its laws
• Nature around us is diverse and contains large phenomena (e.g., winds, water, planets, rainbows, etc.)
• Physics helps understand how the human body functions, and energy from the sun and nucleus
• Physics is about discovering basic laws from observed events
• Simple rules, like gravity and motion, can explain complex events
• The study of basic rules is crucial for all life domains
• Physics leads to useful applications in various fields, including bio and medical sciences.

Physics and Mathematics

• Mathematics is the language of physics; it simplifies describing nature.
• Formulas and equations help predict outcomes from basic laws

Units

• Physics involves measuring and comparing physical quantities
• Measuring physical quantities requires standard units
• Units need international acceptance for clear communication globally
• The General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) establishes standards

Fundamental and Derived Quantities

• Fundamental quantities are independent; examples include length, mass, time
• Derived quantities are calculated from fundamental quantities; examples include force, density, volume

SI Units

• The International System of Units (SI) is widely used worldwide.
• The CGPM established the SI system in 1971

Definitions of Base Units

• Necessary properties of base units include:

  • Invariability; standards cannot change
  • Availability; standards must be easily compared

• Meter: The distance traveled by light in a vacuum in 1/299,792,458 of a second.

• Kilogram: The mass of a specific platinum-iridium cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.

• Second: Defined based on the particular radiation emitted by a Cesium-133 atom

• Ampere: Defined using the force between two parallel current-carrying wires.

• Kelvin: Fraction of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water

• Mole: The amount of substance containing the same number of elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kg of carbon-12

• Candela: The luminous intensity of a specific blackbody

Dimensional Analysis

• Dimensional analysis is used to check equations for correctness
• Quantities on both sides of an equation must have identical dimensions.
• Useful, though can't determine dimensionless constants or complex relations.