Fundamentals of Pathology Quiz
45 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of cardiomyopathy is associated with mutated serum transthyretin deposits?

  • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  • Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy
  • Restrictive cardiomyopathy (correct)
  • Dilated cardiomyopathy

    • Which condition results from deposits of Aβ amyloid in the brain?

  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Huntington's disease
  • Alzheimer disease (correct)
  • Parkinson's disease

    • What is the primary genetic predisposition for Alzheimer disease in individuals with Down syndrome?

  • Deficiency of Aβ amyloid precursor protein
  • Dominant mutation in β-amyloid ligase
  • Mutated gene on chromosome 21 for β-APP (correct)
  • Presence of an extra chromosome 21

    • Which deposition is characteristic of medullary carcinoma of the thyroid?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of amyloid is deposited in joints due to dialysis-associated amyloidosis?

    <p>β2-microglobulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of cellular injury associated with hypoxia?

    <p>Impaired oxidative phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly identifies a common cause of hypoxia?

    <p>Decreased arterial perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with ischemia?

    <p>Atherosclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates acute ischemia from slowly developing ischemia?

    <p>Slowly developing ischemia results in atrophy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes hypoxemia?

    <p>Low partial pressure of oxygen in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of decreased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood?

    <p>Anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism might lead to hypoventilation and consequently hypoxia?

    <p>Poor air exchange in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions relates specifically to decreased venous drainage?

    <p>Budd-Chiari syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition may result from untreated gastroesophageal reflux?

    <p>Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a classic example of metaplasia in connective tissues?

    <p>Myositis ossificans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of vitamin A deficiency on epithelial tissues?

    <p>Leads to keratomalacia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cellular growth condition is characterized by disordered cellular growth and is often precancerous?

    <p>Dysplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenomenon refers to a decrease in cell production resulting in a smaller organ?

    <p>Hypoplasia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does persistent stress lead to concerning dysplasia?

    <p>Progression to carcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates aplasia from hypoplasia?

    <p>Aplasia is a total lack of organ development, hypoplasia is partial development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does cellular injury primarily depend on?

    <p>The type and severity of stress applied</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main result of the conversion of a substance to CCl3 free radical by the P450 system in hepatocytes?

    <p>Cell injury with swelling of the rough endoplasmic reticulum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the shared features of amyloid protein deposits?

    <p>β-pleated sheet configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of amyloidosis is characterized by systemic deposition of AL amyloid derived from immunoglobulin light chains?

    <p>Primary amyloidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the levels of cardiac enzymes after reperfusion of infarcted myocardial tissue?

    <p>They continue to rise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic staining method used to identify amyloid deposits microscopically?

    <p>Congo red staining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of amyloid is derived from serum amyloid-associated protein (SAA)?

    <p>AA amyloid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Decreased levels of what contribute to fatty change in the liver during cell injury?

    <p>Apolipoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do O2-derived free radicals have upon the return of blood to ischemic tissue?

    <p>They cause additional tissue damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary morphological hallmark of cell death?

    <p>Loss of the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes necrosis?

    <p>Death of large groups of cells followed by acute inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from mitochondrial membrane damage during cell injury?

    <p>Loss of the electron transport chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of necrosis is characterized by tissue that remains firm, preserving cell shape and organ structure?

    <p>Coagulative necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following outcomes is a result of lysosomal membrane damage?

    <p>Hydrolytic enzymes leaking into the cytosol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typically characterizes coagulative necrosis in terms of morphology?

    <p>Wedge-shaped infarcts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cytochrome c leaking into the cytosol?

    <p>Activates apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characteristic of red infarction?

    <p>Results from re-entry of blood into an organized tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism causes the generation of superoxide ions during inflammation?

    <p>NADPH oxidase activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of perforins secreted by CD8 + T cells in the cytotoxic pathway?

    <p>To create pores in the membrane of target cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is a known antioxidant that helps eliminate free radicals?

    <p>Glutathione</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consequence of excessive free radical generation in cells?

    <p>Cellular injury through lipid peroxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism is primarily responsible for the pathologic generation of hydroxyl radicals?

    <p>Ionizing radiation hydrolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme converts superoxide to hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria?

    <p>Superoxide dismutase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of death receptor is involved in the extrinsic receptor-ligand pathway for apoptosis?

    <p>FAS death receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect does chronic free radical injury have on DNA?

    <p>Causes oxidative damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fundamentals of Pathology

    • The book is a 2023 edition medical course review and step 1 review for medical students and healthcare professionals
    • Written by Husain A. Sattar, MD, Associate Professor of Pathology, Associate Director of Clinical Pathophysiology and Therapeutics at the University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine
    • Includes a subscription to online videos taught by Dr. Sattar
    • Aimed at helping students prepare for exams such as the USMLE
    • Organized similarly to other primary medical texts and follows a syllabus
    • Students are encouraged to take notes in the margins while reviewing material
    • Repetition is key for learning the material
    • Emphasizes concepts over details
    • Developed with the goals of learning, sharing, and serving in mind

    Contents

    • The book covers various chapters on pathology, including growth adaptations, cell injury, cell death, hypoxia, and others
    • A table of contents is provided for navigation, with page numbers for each chapter, such as growth adaptations, cellular injury, and inflammation
    • Example topics include: principles of neoplasia, red blood cell disorders, white blood cell disorders, vascular pathology, cardiac pathology, respiratory tract pathology, gastrointestinal pathology, exocrine pancreas, gallbladder, liver, kidney, female genital system, male genital system, endocrine pathology, breast pathology, central nervous system pathology, musculoskeletal pathology, and skin pathology.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Fundamentals of Pathology 2023 Review PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the key concepts from the 2023 edition of 'Fundamentals of Pathology'. This quiz will help medical students and healthcare professionals review important topics such as cell injury, death, and growth adaptations, aligning with the content covered in the book. Perfect for USMLE exam preparation!

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser