Fundamentals of Nursing 1st Lecture
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Fundamentals of Nursing 1st Lecture

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Questions and Answers

Which characteristic distinguished nursing during the 16th century?

  • Nursing was viewed as a respectable profession.
  • Nurses were primarily male and held leadership roles.
  • Focus on religion guided nursing practices.
  • Nurses were recruited from criminal backgrounds. (correct)

    • What is one of Florence Nightingale's key contributions to nursing?

  • She emphasized the necessity of male nurses in hospitals.
  • She limited the role of nurses to home care.
  • She recognized the importance of individualized patient care. (correct)
  • She established the first nursing school for men only.

    • In what way did World War II impact nursing education?

  • Nursing education was discontinued due to war efforts.
  • Nursing education remained unchanged during this period.
  • War limited the access and availability of nursing schools.
  • Nursing education became more advanced to meet medical needs. (correct)

    • What role did nurses traditionally hold in ancient civilizations?

    <p>Servants carrying out orders from priests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing leader is recognized for founding public health nursing?

    <p>Lillian Wald</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a notable change in the nursing profession from the 1950s to the present?

    <p>An increase in the roles available in varied healthcare settings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What belief did the Theory of Animism encompass regarding health and illness?

    <p>Illness was attributed to spiritual causes and divine discontent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of nursing was emphasized by both Clara Barton and Florence Nightingale?

    <p>The importance of formal education and training for nurses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes Laviana Dock's contribution to nursing?

    <p>She was the first to provide trained nursing services to the poor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in Virginia Henderson's definition of nursing?

    <p>Assisting individuals, sick or well, in health-related activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the American Nursing Association (ANA), what is the primary function of nursing?

    <p>Diagnosis and treatment of human responses to health problems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following characteristics is NOT considered a key aspect of nursing?

    <p>Nursing is a competitive profession.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which task is included in the scope of nursing related to promoting health and wellness?

    <p>Encouraging appropriate nutrition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the nursing practice of 'restoring health' typically involve?

    <p>Early detection, rehabilitation, and teaching.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of clients does nursing practice encompass, according to the provided information?

    <p>Individuals, families, and communities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of the nursing function related to illness prevention?

    <p>Maintaining a healthy status through preventative measures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role of the nurse involves recognizing and addressing a client's psychological issues?

    <p>Counselor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of a nurse as a manager?

    <p>Delegating nursing activities to other nurses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the WHO definition, health encompasses which of the following aspects?

    <p>Complete physical, mental, and social well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of professionalization, which element is NOT considered a criteria for a profession?

    <p>Personal wealth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component of wellness is primarily concerned with managing stress effectively?

    <p>Emotional wellness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of nursing emphasizes influencing others to work towards specific goals?

    <p>Leader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best defines autonomy in a professional sense?

    <p>Independent and self-directed without external control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing responsibility includes protecting client rights and speaking out against wrong practices?

    <p>Client Advocate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Fundamentals of Nursing 1st Lecture

    • Lecture given by Dr. Motasem AlDaieflih, RN, MSN, PhD, in 2024/2025 academic year.

    Historical Perspective (Beginning of Civilization)

    • Theory of Animism: Belief that good and evil spirits affect health and illness.
    • Illness caused by sin or displeasure of gods.
    • Temples served as centers of medical care.
    • Priests acted as physicians.
    • Nurses were slaves performing tasks assigned by priests.
    • Physicians were medicine men.
    • Nurses were seen as women caring for families (nurturing role).

    Historical Perspective (16th Century)

    • Focus shifted from religion to warfare.
    • Knowledge expanded through exploration.
    • Nurse shortages led to recruitment of criminals.
    • Nursing was viewed as a disreputable profession.

    Historical Perspective (18th-19th Century)

    • Hospital schools were established.
    • Female nurses were controlled by men (hospital administrators and physicians).
    • Health care was dominated by males.
    • Nursing became a respected profession.
    • Modern nursing education methods were developed.

    Historical Perspective (World War II)

    • Explosion of knowledge in medicine and technology.
    • Efforts to improve nursing education.
    • Women became more assertive and independent.

    Historical Perspective (1950's to Present)

    • Healthcare settings diversified.
    • Nursing expanded into various areas.
    • Nursing grew as a profession.

    Nursing Leaders

    • Florence Nightingale (1820-1910):
      • Founder of modern nursing.
      • Became a nurse despite societal opposition.
      • Advocated for clean environments and fresh air and light.
      • Believed in formally educated nurses.
      • Saw nurses as client advocates.
    • Clara Barton (1812-1956):
      • School teacher who volunteered as a nurse during the American Civil War.
      • Instrumental in establishing the American Red Cross.
    • Lillian Wald (1867-1940):
      • Founder of public health nursing.
      • First to offer trained nursing services to the poor.
    • Lavina Dock (1858-1956):
      • Participated in women's rights movements.
      • Advocated for nurse control of their profession.

    Definitions of Nursing

    • Florence Nightingale (1860): Nursing is utilizing the patient's environment to aid recovery.
    • Virginia Henderson (1966): Nursing assists individuals (sick or well) with tasks contributing to health or recovery.
    • American Nursing Association (ANA): Nursing diagnoses and treats the human response to health issues (actual or potential).

    Characteristics of Nursing

    • Nursing is caring, an art, and a science.
    • Holistic approach.
    • Client-centered care.
    • Adaptive practice.
    • Helping profession.

    Recipients of Nursing

    • Consumer: Individual, group, or community using a service.
    • Patient: Person receiving medical treatment.
    • Client: Person seeking advice or services from a professional.

    Scope of Nursing

    • Nurses provide care to individuals, families, and communities.
    • Nursing practice encompasses four areas: promoting health and wellness, preventing illness, restoring health, and caring for the dying.

    Promoting Health and Wellness

    • Nurses encourage clients to participate in activities enhancing quality of life.
    • Examples: improving nutrition, exercising, avoiding smoking, losing weight, preventing accidents.

    Preventing Illness

    • Maintaining healthy status by preventing illness.
    • Examples: immunizations and educational programs (e.g., prenatal care).

    Restoring Health

    • Focuses on individuals with illnesses, from early detection to rehabilitation.
    • Examples: direct care (treatment, medication, baths), performing diagnostic measurements (e.g., blood pressure, glucose), and teaching recovery activities.

    Settings of Nursing

    • Historically, acute care hospitals were the primary setting.
    • Nurses now work in hospitals, homes, communities, agencies, educational settings, and mental health facilities.

    Roles and Functions of Nurses

    • Caregiver: Assists clients physically and psychologically.
    • Teacher: Educates clients about health and procedures for maintaining health.
    • Counselor: Assists clients in recognizing and coping with problems.
    • Client Advocate: Protects clients' interests.
    • Leader: Influences others to achieve goals.
    • Manager: Delegates and supervises nursing activities.
    • Researcher and Research Consumer: Conducts and utilizes research.
    • Communicator: Supports clients through the health team and community.

    Professionalization

    • Profession: An occupation requiring extensive education, special knowledge, skills, and preparation.
    • Professionalization: The process of becoming professional.

    Criteria of a Profession

    • Specialized education.
    • Body of knowledge.
    • Ongoing research.
    • Code of ethics.
    • Autonomy (self-directed independent action).
    • Professional organization.

    Concept of Health

    • No single universally accepted definition of health.
    • Nightingale (1969): Health is being well and fully utilizing available abilities.
    • WHO (1948): Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not simply the absence of disease.

    Components of Wellness

    • Physical: Ability to execute daily tasks, maintain fitness, and avoid substance abuse.
    • Social: Ability to interact successfully with people and within the environment.
    • Emotional: Ability to handle stress and appropriately express emotions.
    • Intellectual: Ability to utilize knowledge for personal, family, and career development.
    • Spiritual: Belief in a force uniting humans and giving meaning to life.
    • Occupational: Ability to maintain work-life balance.
    • Environmental: Ability to promote health measures improving quality of life.

    Concept of Illness

    • Illness is a personal state where functioning (physical, emotional, intellectual, social, developmental) is impaired.
    • Disease is an alteration in body functions reducing capacities or shortening life span.
    • Etiology is the cause of illness.

    Illness

    • Acute illness: Characterized by severe symptoms with a short duration.
    • Chronic illness: Characterized by lasting symptoms (more than 6 months).
    • Remission: When symptoms disappear.
    • Exacerbation: When symptoms reappear.

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    Fundamentals Of Nursing 1st Lecture PDF

    Description

    Explore the historical perspectives of nursing from ancient civilizations to the 19th century in this engaging quiz. Learn about the evolution of nursing roles, the impact of societal changes, and the transition of nursing from a spiritual to a more formal profession. This quiz is based on the 1st lecture of the Fundamentals of Nursing course.

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