Fundamentals of Computing
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential consequence of excessive computer use?

  • Improved physical health
  • Carpal tunnel syndrome (correct)
  • Increased social interaction
  • Enhanced eyesight

What is the term for becoming overly reliant on computers, potentially diminishing interactions with others?

  • Detachment
  • Aversion
  • Independence
  • Addiction (correct)

What is the term used to describe unauthorized access to data, such as bank records, by individuals or malicious programs?

  • Unauthorized access (correct)
  • Authorized access
  • Data security
  • Data encryption

Which of the following refers to using someone else's work and presenting it as your own?

<p>Plagiarism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a system breaks down preventing a business from operating?

<p>Unreliability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an input device?

<p>To enter data into a computer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an input device used for pointing?

<p>Mouse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a character reader?

<p>Capture characters from paper and translate them into digital information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What device converts electrical analog signals into digital signals for computer use?

<p>Sound Card (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which input device is typically used for hand-drawing images on a computer?

<p>Graphics Tablet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device functions as both an input and output device, often found in ATMs?

<p>Tablet Touch Screen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a video camera that displays its output on a web page?

<p>Webcam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of monitor consumes less energy compared to CRT monitors?

<p>LCD Monitor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device is used to send MIDI commands to a computer?

<p>MIDI Keyboard (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device allows you to record full motion and store the captured motion digitally?

<p>Digital Video Camera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which input device uses a ball on top to control the cursor?

<p>Trackball (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a computer?

<p>To accept data, process it, store it, and allow for retrieval. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common use for computers?

<p>Typing documents. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of computer is also known as a personal computer (PC)?

<p>Microcomputer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of a microcomputer?

<p>A cellphone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a primary characteristic of minicomputers when they were first developed?

<p>They were designed for specific tasks like engineering calculations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of something a mainframe computer is used for?

<p>Handling numerous users and large amounts of data in a large organization. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT something a computer can be used for?

<p>Teleportation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a computer?

<p>An electronic device that processes data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of non-impact printers compared to impact printers?

<p>They are generally quieter and faster. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of printer uses a laser beam to attach dry powdered ink to paper?

<p>Laser Printer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of thermal printers?

<p>Expensive paper with short shelf life. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a multi-function printer (MFP)?

<p>Printing, faxing, copying, and scanning. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which printer is best suited for producing large-scale engineering drawings?

<p>Plotter (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of output does a speaker provide?

<p>Auditory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device projects a computer screen onto a larger surface for viewing by an audience?

<p>Multimedia Projector (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An advantage of using laser printers is:

<p>High quality printouts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of an Optical Character Reader (OCR)?

<p>To convert paper documents into editable text. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device is used to recognize marks on multiple-choice answer sheets?

<p>Optical Mark Reader (OMR) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do businesses utilize barcodes and barcode readers?

<p>To record stock accurately and speed up checkout. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a document scanner?

<p>Converting images in documents to digital images. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using a digital camera?

<p>It allows you to take pictures and store them digitally. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which device allows users to input sound into a computer system?

<p>Microphone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key step in the OCR process?

<p>Scanning a document character by character. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which input device relies on reflected light to capture information from a document?

<p>Document Scanner (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of supercomputers?

<p>Ability to perform complex calculations at high speeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of supercomputers like Summit?

<p>Climate modeling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes a key advantage of computer usage?

<p>High level of accuracy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the reliability of computers ensure?

<p>They perform tasks exactly as instructed, repeatedly, without error (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of computers in terms of accessibility?

<p>They enable quick access to information and communication worldwide (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage associated with computer usage?

<p>Potential for social isolation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential problem related to the 'storage' advantage of computers?

<p>Unauthorized access (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the ability of a computer to do many different kinds of jobs?

<p>Versatility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Definition of a Computer

An electronic device that accepts data, processes it, stores it, and allows retrieval of processed data.

Types of Computers

The main types include microcomputers, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers, each varying in size and capabilities.

Microcomputers

Also known as personal computers, these are single-user systems ranging from palmtops to workstations.

Examples of Microcomputers

Includes palmtops, laptops, tablets, and desktop computers that are designed for personal use.

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Minicomputers

More powerful than microcomputers, supporting multiple users and performing specific tasks efficiently.

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Mainframe Computers

Large systems capable of handling many users, storing large data, and processing transactions rapidly.

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Functions of a Computer

Computers can type documents, send emails, browse the internet, manage databases, and handle presentations.

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Computer Care and Safety

Refers to practices that protect computers from damage and ensure safe usage.

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Supercomputer

A powerful computer designed for complex calculations and processing large data.

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IBM Summit

One of the fastest supercomputers, used for research like COVID-19 modeling.

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Advantages of Computers

Benefits including speed, accuracy, storage, reliability, versatility, and accessibility.

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Speed

The capability of computers to process information faster than human brain.

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Accuracy

High precision in tasks, reducing human error in work.

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Disadvantages of Computers

Drawbacks like cost, addiction, and impact on relationships.

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Cost

The expense of purchasing, upgrading, and maintaining computers.

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Interpersonal Relationships

Skills that may suffer due to excessive time spent on computers.

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Optical Character Reader (OCR)

A device that converts scanned paper documents into editable digital text.

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Basic Steps of OCR

Three steps: scan, analyze, convert to text.

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Optical Mark Reader (OMR)

A device that detects dark marks on forms for data input.

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Barcode Reader

An optical scanner that reads barcodes to input product data.

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Document Scanner

A device that converts paper documents into digital images.

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Digital Camera

A device to take and store pictures digitally.

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Microphone

A device that captures sound for computer input.

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Function of OMR

Recognizes dark pencil marks in precise locations for data input.

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Plagiarism

Using someone else's work without permission, often illegally downloading material.

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Poor Health

Health issues caused by excessive or improper computer usage such as injuries.

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Dependency/Addiction

Excessive reliance on computers that decreases personal interactions.

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Unauthorized Access

Accessing a computer system without permission, often by hackers.

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Input Device

Hardware used to enter data into a computer.

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Keyboard

An input device with keys used to enter commands and information.

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Character Reader

Device in scanners that captures and translates printed characters into digital format.

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Digital Input Examples

Devices used for entering various types of data, like audio or video.

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Non-Impact Printers

Quieter and faster printers with no contact between print head and paper, offering better print quality.

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Inkjet Printer

Uses a laser beam to attach powdered ink; suitable for most educational and business needs, but expensive.

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Laser Printer

Uses a laser beam for high-quality graphic images, with a resolution of 600 to 1200 dpi.

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Multi-Function Printer (MFP)

An all-in-one device that prints, faxes, copies, and scans, typically using ink-jet technology.

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Plotter

A large-scale printer designed for accurate engineering drawings and blueprints, available in flatbed and drum types.

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Thermal Printer

A printer that uses heat to produce clear images, commonly used in fax machines. Expensive paper and short shelf life are drawbacks.

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Advantages of Laser Printers

Fast printouts with high-quality results, but they are expensive to buy and maintain.

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Disadvantages of Multi-Function Printers

Only prints in black and white, can be costly, and if one function fails, all operations stop.

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Sound Card

Converts electrical analogue signals to digital signals.

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MIDI Keyboard

Electronic musical keyboard that sends MIDI signals to the computer.

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Webcam

A video camera that streams video to a web page.

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Mouse

Handheld device that controls the cursor on a screen.

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Graphics Tablet

Device for hand-drawing images that appear on a computer monitor.

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Light Pen

Light-sensitive wand used to interact with the computer screen.

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Output Device

Hardware that conveys information to the user.

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Monitor

Displays data on a screen, similar to a TV.

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Study Notes

Electronic Document Preparation Management - Section 1: Fundamental of Computing

  • Definition of a computer: An electronic device accepting data as input, processing it into information, storing it, and enabling retrieval of processed data.
  • Computer uses: Typing documents, sending emails, browsing the internet, handling spreadsheets, accounting, database management, presentations, and games.
  • Types of computers: Microcomputers (personal computers - PCs), mini computers, mainframe computers, and supercomputers.
  • Microcomputers: Also called personal computers (PCs), single-user systems ranging in size from palmtops to larger super-microcomputers (workstations).
  • Minicomputers: More powerful than microcomputers, supporting multiple users, often called mid-range computers. Used for specific tasks like engineering calculations, now less common with evolving personal computer capabilities.
  • Mainframe computers: Large systems handling numerous users, high data storage and transaction processing rates. Used in large organizations, enterprises, financial institutions, and government agencies for critical applications needing robust performance and security.
  • Supercomputers: Largest, most powerful, and expensive category of computers. Used for complex calculations and massive data processing at extremely high speeds. Applications include COVID-19 research and nuclear security.
  • Input devices: Hardware that enters data into the computer, including keyboards, virtual keyboards, mice, light pens, microphones, scanners, character readers, and bar code readers.
  • Input devices (functions): Keyboard for text entry, microphones to capture audio, scanners for graphic input, cameras for visual input, and character readers for text recognition from paper documents.
  • Character readers: Devices in scanners that capture characters/marks on paper and translate input into digital format, crucial for converting printed/written materials into editable text.
  • Keyboard: An input device for entering data, information, and instructions into the computer. Standard keyboards have 101 keys; multimedia keyboards include extra keys for controlling various functions.
  • Barcode readers: Devices to read barcodes, capture product information, used in businesses to improve inventory management and checkout processes.
  • Optical Mark Readers (OMR): Used for recognizing dark pencil marks on forms (like multiple-choice questionnaires), enabling fast input without manual typing.
  • Output devices: Hardware displaying/delivering information to users. Includes monitors (visual displays), printers (paper output), speakers (audio output), and multimedia projectors (visual display for larger audiences).
  • Monitors: Visual display units (VDUs). Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) use less energy than Cathode Ray Tubes (CRTs).
  • Printers: Devices producing hard copies; categorized into impact (using pins) printers and non-impact printers (without pins like laser and inkjet).
  • Speakers: Produce sound output.
  • Multimedia projectors: Display computer images onto larger screens.
  • Advantages of computers: Speed, accuracy, storage capacity, reliability, global reach, research capabilities.
  • Disadvantages of computers: Cost, unauthorized access, poor interpersonal skills, health risks from misuse(radiation, carpal tunnel syndrome), dependency/addiction, unreliability, changes in human input required.

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Description

Explore the fundamentals of computing, covering computer definitions, diverse applications, and various types like micro, mini, mainframe, and supercomputers. Understand the capabilities and uses of each computer type in data processing and information retrieval.

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