Podcast
Questions and Answers
What health risks are young adults (20 to 35 years) at risk for?
What health risks are young adults (20 to 35 years) at risk for?
For hypoglycemia, take _____ g of readily absorbable carbs.
For hypoglycemia, take _____ g of readily absorbable carbs.
10 to 20
What should be avoided when providing foot care to clients with diabetes mellitus?
What should be avoided when providing foot care to clients with diabetes mellitus?
Over-the-counter products that contain alcohol or strong chemicals
Which position is recommended for both lower lobes during postural drainage?
Which position is recommended for both lower lobes during postural drainage?
Signup and view all the answers
What does a red appearance of a wound indicate?
What does a red appearance of a wound indicate?
Signup and view all the answers
Readings less than 90% for oxygen saturation indicate normal respiratory status.
Readings less than 90% for oxygen saturation indicate normal respiratory status.
Signup and view all the answers
Which class of medications should not be mixed with large amounts of food when administering enterally?
Which class of medications should not be mixed with large amounts of food when administering enterally?
Signup and view all the answers
Match the unexpected findings with their descriptions in NG intubation and enteral feedings:
Match the unexpected findings with their descriptions in NG intubation and enteral feedings:
Signup and view all the answers
What should be established to help prevent skin breakdown?
What should be established to help prevent skin breakdown?
Signup and view all the answers
When teaching an older adult about home safety, ensure there are _____ near the toilet and shower.
When teaching an older adult about home safety, ensure there are _____ near the toilet and shower.
Signup and view all the answers
What should be monitored to prevent aspiration during meals after a stroke?
What should be monitored to prevent aspiration during meals after a stroke?
Signup and view all the answers
Healthcare team members should check for a latex allergy before beginning any task or procedure.
Healthcare team members should check for a latex allergy before beginning any task or procedure.
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following tasks can be delegated to assistive personnel? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following tasks can be delegated to assistive personnel? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What should be included in discharge planning for a client with diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply)
What should be included in discharge planning for a client with diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What actions should a nurse take when a client falls? (Select all that apply)
What actions should a nurse take when a client falls? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
When evaluating a client's use of a walker, which guidelines should be followed? (Select all that apply)
When evaluating a client's use of a walker, which guidelines should be followed? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
Which are appropriate methods for maintaining an indwelling urinary catheter? (Select all that apply)
Which are appropriate methods for maintaining an indwelling urinary catheter? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What actions should be taken when assisting a client to use a fracture pan? (Select all that apply)
What actions should be taken when assisting a client to use a fracture pan? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
When calculating fluid intake, which conversions are correct? (Select all that apply)
When calculating fluid intake, which conversions are correct? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What therapeutic uses are associated with herbal supplements? (Select all that apply)
What therapeutic uses are associated with herbal supplements? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What key points must be considered when completing an informed consent document? (Select all that apply)
What key points must be considered when completing an informed consent document? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What considerations should be made when bathing clients who have dementia? (Select all that apply)
What considerations should be made when bathing clients who have dementia? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What changes occur in urinary function with aging that increases the risk for urinary infections? (Select all that apply)
What changes occur in urinary function with aging that increases the risk for urinary infections? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What guidelines should be followed regarding the appropriate use of crutches? (Select all that apply)
What guidelines should be followed regarding the appropriate use of crutches? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
Which laboratory values should be reported in airway management? (Select all that apply)
Which laboratory values should be reported in airway management? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What essential practices should be followed when caring for an artificial eye? (Select all that apply)
What essential practices should be followed when caring for an artificial eye? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What instructions should be given for using an incentive spirometer? (Select all that apply)
What instructions should be given for using an incentive spirometer? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What are the proper techniques for dressing a wound? (Select all that apply)
What are the proper techniques for dressing a wound? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What do the abbreviations SOAP and PIE stand for in nursing documentation? (Select all that apply)
What do the abbreviations SOAP and PIE stand for in nursing documentation? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What recommendations should be made for home safety for older adult clients? (Select all that apply)
What recommendations should be made for home safety for older adult clients? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What precautions should be implemented for infection control? (Select all that apply)
What precautions should be implemented for infection control? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What alternatives to restraints ensure client safety? (Select all that apply)
What alternatives to restraints ensure client safety? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What techniques can prevent plantar flexion in immobile clients? (Select all that apply)
What techniques can prevent plantar flexion in immobile clients? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What considerations should be made when using a fracture pan? (Select all that apply)
What considerations should be made when using a fracture pan? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What assessment findings indicate extracellular fluid volume deficit? (Select all that apply)
What assessment findings indicate extracellular fluid volume deficit? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What are possible manifestations of a mild allergic reaction? (Select all that apply)
What are possible manifestations of a mild allergic reaction? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
When mixing insulin, which steps are critical? (Select all that apply)
When mixing insulin, which steps are critical? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What supplies should be at the bedside for a client with a tracheostomy? (Select all that apply)
What supplies should be at the bedside for a client with a tracheostomy? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What practices should be followed during nasotracheal suctioning? (Select all that apply)
What practices should be followed during nasotracheal suctioning? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What should be assessed for wound healing? (Select all that apply)
What should be assessed for wound healing? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What steps are involved in addressing ethical dilemmas? (Select all that apply)
What steps are involved in addressing ethical dilemmas? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What constitutes an intentional tort? (Select all that apply)
What constitutes an intentional tort? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What actions should be taken when handling defective equipment? (Select all that apply)
What actions should be taken when handling defective equipment? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
What are the required precautions for infection control? (Select all that apply)
What are the required precautions for infection control? (Select all that apply)
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Delegation and Supervision: Tasks for Assistive Personnel
- Tasks suitable for delegation include specimen collection, routine vital signs (not initial or post-op), assisting with activities of daily living (ADLs), and care for chronic conditions.
- Medications should never be delegated to assistive personnel.
Client Education: Discharge Planning for Diabetes Mellitus
- Establish mutually agreeable goals between the client and healthcare provider.
- Tailor teaching methods to the client's preferred learning style and age.
- Foster independence by encouraging active participation in their care.
- Optimal scheduling of discharge teaching sessions enhances learning retention.
Client Safety: Actions When a Client Falls
- Document the fall clearly without subjective comments.
- Avoid attempting to catch the client by pulling on limbs; allow them to slide down.
- Ensure environmental safety by keeping beds low, removing clutter, and providing non-slip socks.
Mobility and Immobility: Walker Use Evaluation
- Instruct clients to lean slightly forward while using the walker.
- Ensure the walker is advanced before taking steps, and the weaker leg steps first.
- Keep the back straight to maintain posture when using the walker.
Urinary Elimination: Indwelling Catheter Maintenance
- Clean the catheter site with soap and water, and minimize the time the catheter is in place.
- Empty the collection bag at least every 8 hours and clean the port before obtaining samples.
- Position the catheter bag lower than the bladder to prevent backflow.
Bowel Elimination: Using a Fracture Pan
- Schedule regular times for bowel movements.
- Elevate the head of the bed to at least 30 degrees to facilitate use of the fracture pan.
- Avoid leaving the client lying flat; assist with rolling side to side if necessary.
Nutrition and Oral Hydration: Fluid Intake Calculation
- Conversion metrics: 1 oz = 30 mL, 1 cup = 240 mL, 1 tsp = 5 mL, 1 tbsp = 15 mL.
- Total fluid intake should be calculated in mL for accurate assessment.
Complementary and Alternative Therapies: Herbal Supplements Use
- Echinacea may boost immune function.
- Garlic can aid in managing cardiovascular disease and hypertension.
- Ginger has properties for anti-nausea and anti-inflammatory effects.
- Ginkgo biloba is potentially beneficial for dementia and circulation issues.
- Valerian is known for its anxiolytic and sedative properties.
Legal Responsibilities: Informed Consent
- Informed consent is necessary for invasive procedures; must include written consent.
- Understanding of the information is essential; a trained medical interpreter may be needed for language barriers.
- Legal guardians or individuals with durable power of attorney may consent on behalf of others.
Hygiene: Bathing Clients with Dementia
- Bathe clients only when health issues necessitate assistance.
- Be cautious of producing disorientation in clients with dementia during bathing.
- Adapt techniques to account for drier and thinner skin in older adults.
Urinary Elimination: Aging Effects on UTIs
- Aging leads to decreased bladder efficiency and muscle tone.
- Older adults experience increased frequency, residual urine risk, and nocturia.
Mobility and Immobility: Crutches Use Guidelines
- Crutches should not be altered after fitting; follow the prescribed gait.
- Support body weight at hand grips with elbows flexed at approximately 30 degrees.
- Maintain a safe distance from the body to prevent irritation in the axillae.
Fluid Imbalances: Hyperosmolar Imbalance
- Hyperosmolar imbalance refers to dehydration, characterized by water loss without losing electrolytes.
- Signs include elevated hematocrit, serum electrolytes, and urine specific gravity.
- Compensatory mechanisms include increased thirst and hormonal responses.
Nasogastric Intubation: Reporting Unexpected Findings
- Assess drainage color for abnormalities; dark or blood-streaked colors should be reported.
- Monitor for occlusion, discomfort, increased gastric residual, and changes in bowel patterns.
Glucose Monitoring: Capillary Blood Sample Collection
- Outer fingertip edge is the preferred site; alternative sites include earlobes and palms.
- Warm the site to improve circulation and clean the area before sampling.
- Discard the first drop of blood, then use subsequent drops for testing.
Airway Management: Signs to Report
- Early signs include tachypnea, tachycardia, restlessness, and anxiety.
- Late signs consist of stupor, cyanosis, bradycardia, and hypotension.
Sensory Perception: Care for an Artificial Eye
- Maintain hand hygiene before and after touching the eye.
- Encourage a diet rich in antioxidants and manage chronic health conditions.
Airway Management: Using Incentive Spirometry
- Incentive spirometry helps monitor breath intake; seal lips around the mouthpiece for effectiveness.
- Inhale deeply, hold for three seconds, then exhale normally.
Pressure Ulcers: Dressing for Pressure Ulcers
- Clean wounds from less contaminated to more contaminated areas, documenting all relevant information.
- Use appropriate products and techniques that minimize fiber shedding.
Information Technology: Common Abbreviations
- Familiarize with SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan), PIE (Problem, Intervention, Evaluation), and DAR (Data, Action, Response).
Home Safety: Discharge Teaching for Older Adults
- Remove tripping hazards and install grab bars.
- Suggest using non-slip mats and ensure the safe storage of electrical cords.
Infection Control: Isolation Precautions
- Implement standard precautions for all body fluids except sweat; includes hand hygiene.
- Transmission-based precautions include airborne, droplet, contact, and protective measures for immunocompromised patients.
Client Safety: Alternatives to Restraints
- Promote environmental orientation, provide diversional activities, and encourage family involvement.
- Explain restraint use to clients, emphasizing temporary safety measures.
Mobility and Immobility: Preventing Plantar Flexion
- Teach range of motion exercises; encourage active participation in daily activities.
- Continuous passive motion devices may be utilized based on client needs.
Fluid Imbalances: Assessment of Extracellular Fluid Volume Deficit
- Monitor vital signs for tachycardia and hypotension; watch for confusion or weakness.
- Neurological and gastrointestinal symptoms may indicate fluid deficit.
Adverse Effects and Contraindications: Mild Allergic Reaction Manifestations
- Recognize allergic reactions, which vary in severity from mild to severe.
- Document client allergies and medical history before medication administration.
Diabetes Mellitus: Mixing Insulin
- Mix short-acting insulin first with longer-acting insulin to prevent cross-contamination.
- Special care should be taken with suspensions and avoid administering cloudy insulins.
Airway Management: Tracheostomy Care
- Maintain emergency supplies and communication tools readily available at the bedside.
- Ensure adequate humidification and hydration to prevent secretions from blocking the airway.
Airway Management: Nasotracheal Suctioning Technique
- Use proper personal protective equipment and position clients to facilitate suctioning.
- Monitor vital signs and limit suction duration to minimize discomfort.
Pressure Ulcers: Assessment of Wound Healing
- Observe color of wounds, noting signs of healthy regeneration versus infection or necrosis.
- Assess and document the wound characteristics meticulously.
Ethical Responsibilities: Priority Client for Interprofessional Team Discussion
- Identify whether an issue constitutes an ethical dilemma and gather relevant information.
- Reflect on values, analyze options, and select a course of action in line with ethical principles.
Legal Responsibilities: Intentional Tort Identification
- Recognize the definitions of assault, battery, and false imprisonment in a healthcare context.
- Understand the legal implications of each type of intentional tort concerning patient rights.
Client Safety: Handling Defective Equipment
- Evaluate safety in environments; document incidents and encourage client communication about safety concerns.
- Use protocols for dangerous scenarios and ensure proper equipment use after training.### Positioning Techniques for Respiratory Aid
- Left lower limb in Trendelenburg on left side position
- Left upper limb anteriorly while supine with head elevation; left upper limb posteriorly on right side with a pillow
- Left lower limb laterally positioned on right side in Trendelenburg
- Both lower lobes laterally on right side in Trendelenburg
- Both lower lobes anteriorly while supine in Trendelenburg; posteriorly in prone position in Trendelenburg
Pressure Ulcers and Wound Management
- Wound appearance:
- Red indicates healthy tissue regeneration
- Yellow signifies purulent drainage/slough
- Black indicates eschar that obstructs healing
- Document wound size and characteristics using a clock face, noting length, width, depth, and any undermining or sinus tracts
- RYB color code for wound care:
- Red: cover
- Yellow: clean
- Black: debride
- Closed wounds should have well-approximated skin edges
Assessing Exudate
- Monitor amount, odor, consistency, and color during healing phases
- Common types of exudate:
- Serous: clear or slightly yellow, watery
- Sanguineous: serum mixed with RBCs
- Serosanguineous: serum and blood
- Purulent: yellow or brown indicative of infection; foul odor present
- Purosanguineous: mixture of pus and blood
- Accurate drainage measurement by weighing dressings (1 g = 1 mL)
Monitoring Oxygen Saturation
- Noninvasive measurement of blood oxygen levels to assess respiratory status
- Readings under 90% indicate hypoxemia, with potential lower values in older adults and clients with dark skin
- Factors impacting readings: hypothermia, poor blood flow, excessive light, low hemoglobin levels, jaundice, movement, edema, and nail polish
Intravenous Therapy: Catheter Insertion Procedure
- Application of clean tourniquet above insertion site to promote vein visibility
- Vein selection through visualization methods, gravity, fist clenching, and friction
- Cleaning the area, retie tourniquet, and skin tautness before insertion
- Insert catheter at a 10-30 degree angle with bevel facing up; advance until blood flashback is seen
- Stabilize catheter upon insertion, remove tourniquet, apply pressure and activate safety device after needle removal
- Secure with dressing and label post-insertion
Enteral Medication Administration
- Contraindications include vomiting, decreased GI motility, lack of gag reflex, swallowing difficulties, and lowered consciousness level
- Position client at a 90-degree angle for administration
- Administer irritating medications with small food amounts, but avoid large mixtures
- Prefer liquid medication forms, and generally administer on an empty stomach
Unexpected Findings during NG Intubation and Enteral Feedings
- Gastric residual over 250mL on two consecutive checks
- Diarrhea reported three or more times in 24 hours
- Signs of nausea, vomiting, or formula aspiration
- Skin irritation around the tubing site
Preventing Thrombus Formation
- Use anti-embolic stockings and proper positioning to minimize compression
- Promote range-of-motion exercises including ankle pumps and knee flexion
- Ensure increased fluid intake and frequent position changes
- Avoid pressure or massage over thrombi to prevent dislodgement
Preventing Skin Breakdown
- Establish a regular toileting schedule
- Increase daytime fluid intake and limit before bedtime
- Provide incontinence garments and care
- Avoid indwelling catheters to minimize risk
Home Safety for Older Adults
- Remove potential trip hazards and place electrical cords securely
- Monitor gait and balance for safety
- Ensure steps and sidewalks are well-maintained
- Install grab bars in relevant areas like toilets and showers; use non-skid mats and shower chairs
- Maintain good lighting both inside and outside
Nutrition and Oral Hydration Post-Stroke
- Position client properly in Fowler's position or a chair
- Support upper body and encourage chin-tucking while swallowing
- Avoid straws and monitor for signs of aspiration and dysphagia
- Maintain the semi-Fowler's position post-meals for an hour and facilitate oral hygiene thereafter
Medical Asepsis with Latex Allergy Considerations
- Always check for latex allergies prior to procedures
- Use latex-free equipment and gloves if allergies are present
- Ensure patient wears an allergy identification band for safety purposes
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz covers essential topics from the RM Fundamentals 8.0 study guide, focusing on delegation, supervision, and client education in healthcare settings. Key concepts include tasks suitable for assistive personnel and discharge planning for diabetes mellitus. Prepare effectively for your nursing exams with these flashcards.
