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Questions and Answers
What is the significance of Article 19 in the Indian Constitution?
What is the significance of Article 19 in the Indian Constitution?
Which fundamental right includes the freedom to disseminate information?
Which fundamental right includes the freedom to disseminate information?
In what circumstances can the right to freedom of speech and expression be restricted?
In what circumstances can the right to freedom of speech and expression be restricted?
Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees every citizen the right to equality before the law?
Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees every citizen the right to equality before the law?
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What is prohibited under the right to equality in the Indian Constitution?
What is prohibited under the right to equality in the Indian Constitution?
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Which fundamental right extends to the right to vote in India?
Which fundamental right extends to the right to vote in India?
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What does Article 21 of the Indian Constitution guarantee?
What does Article 21 of the Indian Constitution guarantee?
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Which Article provides the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights?
Which Article provides the right to move the Supreme Court for enforcement of fundamental rights?
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What is the significance of Articles 23-24 in the Indian Constitution?
What is the significance of Articles 23-24 in the Indian Constitution?
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Which of the following is NOT a writ that the Supreme Court can issue to enforce fundamental rights?
Which of the following is NOT a writ that the Supreme Court can issue to enforce fundamental rights?
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What is the purpose of the Right Against Exploitation outlined in Articles 23-24?
What is the purpose of the Right Against Exploitation outlined in Articles 23-24?
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In what way does Article 32 contribute to ensuring fundamental rights in India?
In what way does Article 32 contribute to ensuring fundamental rights in India?
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Study Notes
The Indian Constitution: Enshrining Fundamental Rights
The Indian Constitution, adopted on January 26, 1950, is a comprehensive document that outlines the structure of the government, the distribution of powers, and the fundamental rights of the citizens. In this article, we'll delve into the latter, specifically the five fundamental rights enumerated in the Constitution, which form the backbone of the democratic system and protect citizen rights in India.
Freedom of Speech and Expression (Article 19)
The right to freedom of speech and expression is one of the most cherished rights in a democratic society. Article 19 of the Indian Constitution safeguards this right, including the freedom to hold opinions, to express one's thoughts, and to disseminate information. This right is not absolute, though; it can be restricted in the interest of sovereignty, integrity, security, friendly relations with foreign states, decency, or morality.
Right to Equality (Articles 14-18)
The Indian Constitution guarantees every citizen the right to equality before the law and equal protection of laws. This includes the prohibition against discrimination on grounds such as religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. The right to equality also extends to the right to vote, which is guaranteed to every adult citizen who meets the requisite qualifications.
Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22)
Articles 19-22 outline the right to freedom, which includes the freedom of movement, the right to assemble peaceably and without arms, the right to form associations or unions, and the right to reside and settle in any part of the country. However, these rights can also be subject to reasonable restrictions, as long as they do not infringe upon the fundamental rights of others.
Right Against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
Articles 23-24 of the Indian Constitution guarantee protection against exploitation. This includes the prohibition of traffic in human beings and forced labor, as well as the provision for just and humane conditions of work for all employees. The Constitution also aims to eliminate the practice of untouchability, which is a form of social discrimination, and to prohibit the employment of children below a certain age in any factory, mine, or other hazardous employment.
Right to Life and Personal Liberty (Article 21)
Article 21 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the right to life and personal liberty. It is one of the most important fundamental rights and forms the crux of the judicial review process. The right to life encompasses the right to live with dignity and the right to protection from arbitrary deprivation of life. Personal liberty means freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention, as well as the right to legal protection.
The Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
Article 32 of the Indian Constitution provides the right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of fundamental rights. This right is instrumental in ensuring that citizens have access to the judiciary in order to uphold and protect their fundamental rights. The Supreme Court has the power to issue writs, such as habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, and quo warranto, to enforce fundamental rights.
The Indian Constitution's guarantees of fundamental rights are paramount in ensuring a just and fair society. These rights have been tested and refined over the years, and they continue to evolve as society changes and grows. The fundamental rights form an essential foundation of India's democratic system, safeguarding the rights and freedoms of the people while allowing for responsible and accountable governance.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the fundamental rights enshrined in the Indian Constitution, including freedom of speech, right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, and right to life and personal liberty. Explore key articles and provisions that safeguard citizen rights in India.