Fundamental Concepts of Physics

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Questions and Answers

A car accelerates from rest to a speed of 20 m/s in 5 seconds. If the car has a mass of 1500 kg, what is the average power delivered by the engine during this acceleration?

60,000 W (correct)
120,000 W
30,000 W
300,000 W

Two objects collide in a closed system. Object A has a mass of 2 kg and is moving at 5 m/s, while Object B has a mass of 3 kg and is moving at -2 m/s. If the collision is perfectly inelastic, what is the final velocity of the combined mass?

0.4 m/s (correct)
1.4 m/s
2.0 m/s
1.0 m/s

A 0.5 kg ball is attached to a string and swung in a horizontal circle with a radius of 1 meter at a constant speed of 2 m/s. What force is required to maintain this circular motion?

4 N
1 N
0 N
2 N (correct)

A block of mass m is placed on an inclined plane that makes an angle $\theta$ with the horizontal. What is the condition required for the block to remain stationary on the inclined plane, assuming the coefficient of static friction is $\mu_s$?

$\tan(\theta) < \mu_s$ (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a direct application of thermodynamics?

Predicting the trajectory of a projectile (D) Signup and view all the answers

A simple pendulum of length $L$ oscillates with a small amplitude. If the length of the pendulum is quadrupled, what happens to the period of oscillation?

The period doubles (B) Signup and view all the answers

A train is traveling at a constant velocity of 30 m/s when the engineer applies the brakes. The train decelerates at a constant rate of -1.5 m/s². How far does the train travel before it comes to a complete stop?

300 m (B) Signup and view all the answers

A force of 50 N is applied at an angle of 30 degrees to a door, at a distance of 0.5 meters from the hinges. What is the magnitude of the torque applied to the door around the hinges?

12.5 N⋅m (D) Signup and view all the answers

A system undergoes an adiabatic process. Which of the following statements is true regarding this process?

No heat is exchanged between the system and its surroundings. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of entropy according to the second law of thermodynamics?

The total entropy of an isolated system can only increase over time. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Two objects with different temperatures are brought into thermal contact. Which of the following describes the heat transfer process that occurs?

Heat flows from the hotter object to the colder object until thermal equilibrium is reached. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A charge of +2 Coulombs is placed 2 meters away from a charge of -4 Coulombs. Which statement accurately describes the forces between them?

There will be an attractive force of 18 x 10^9 N. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does increasing the temperature of a metallic conductor typically affect its resistance?

The resistance increases. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In an electric circuit, what is the primary function of a capacitor?

To store electrical energy. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental cause of magnetism?

The motion of electric charges. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phenomena provides evidence for the wave nature of light?

Diffraction. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the frequency of light as it moves from air into glass?

The frequency stays the same. (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, what is the relationship between the uncertainty in a particle's position and the uncertainty in its momentum?

The product of the uncertainties has a minimum non-zero value. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the Schrödinger equation in quantum mechanics?

It describes how the quantum state of a physical system changes over time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is Quantum Entanglement?

When two or more particles become linked together, such that the state of one instantly affects the state of the others, regardless of the distance between them. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of time dilation in special relativity?

Time passes more slowly for a moving observer relative to a stationary observer. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to mass-energy equivalence, how are mass and energy related?

Mass can be converted into energy, and energy can be converted into mass. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does general relativity describe gravity?

As the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Physics?

The study of matter, energy, and their interactions.

Mechanics

Deals with the motion of objects and the forces causing it.