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Questions and Answers
What is the function of the Trochlear Nerve (IV)?
Which of the following nerves is purely sensory?
What is the type of the Oculomotor Nerve (III)?
Which nerve is responsible for tongue movement?
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What is the function of the Abducens Nerve (VI)?
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Which of the following nerves is both sensory and motor?
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What is the function of the Accessory Nerve (XI)?
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Which of the following nerves is responsible for autonomic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract?
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What is the primary function of the parietal lobe?
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Which part of the neuron contains the nucleus and organelles?
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What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
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What is the function of the myelin sheath?
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Which cranial nerve controls the muscles of facial expression?
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What is the primary function of the medulla oblongata?
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What is the function of the synapse?
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What is the primary function of the occipital lobe?
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Study Notes
Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Consists of the brain and spinal cord
- Integrates sensory information, coordinates bodily functions, and responds to external stimuli
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
- Consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves
- Connects the CNS to limbs and organs, serves as a communication relay between the brain and the extremities
Functions of the Lobes of the Cerebrum
Frontal Lobe
- Controls voluntary movement, decision making, problem-solving, planning, and speech production (Broca's area)
Parietal Lobe
- Involved in sensory perception and integration, spatial awareness, and navigation
Occipital Lobe
- Responsible for visual processing
Temporal Lobe
- Involved in auditory processing, memory, and speech comprehension (Wernicke's area)
Functions of the Cerebellum
- Coordinates voluntary movements, balance, posture, and motor learning
Functions of the Medulla Oblongata
- Regulates vital autonomic functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration
Features of a Neuron
Cell Body (Soma)
- Contains the nucleus and organelles, integrates incoming signals
Dendrites
- Receive signals from other neurons
Axon
- Transmits signals away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles
Myelin Sheath
- Insulates the axon, increasing the speed of signal transmission
Synapse
- Junction between neurons where neurotransmitters are released to transmit signals
Functions of Facial Nerves (Cranial Nerve VII)
- Controls the muscles of facial expression, taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, and lacrimal and salivary glands
Functions of the 12 Cranial Nerves
Olfactory Nerve (I)
- Responsible for the sense of smell
- Type: Sensory
Optic Nerve (II)
- Responsible for vision
- Type: Sensory
Oculomotor Nerve (III)
- Controls eye movement, pupil constriction
- Innervates: Superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior oblique muscles
- Type: Motor
Trochlear Nerve (IV)
- Controls eye movement
- Innervates: Superior oblique muscle
- Type: Motor
Trigeminal Nerve (V)
- Involved in facial sensation, chewing
- Innervates: Muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis)
- Type: Both sensory and motor
Abducens Nerve (VI)
- Controls eye movement
- Innervates: Lateral rectus muscle
- Type: Motor
Facial Nerve (VII)
- Involved in facial expression, taste, salivary and lacrimal glands
- Innervates: Muscles of facial expression
- Type: Both sensory and motor
Vestibulocochlear Nerve (VIII)
- Responsible for hearing and balance
- Type: Sensory
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)
- Involved in taste, salivation, swallowing
- Innervates: Pharyngeal muscles
- Type: Both sensory and motor
Vagus Nerve (X)
- Involved in autonomic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract, taste, and speech
- Innervates: Muscles of the larynx and pharynx, heart, lungs, digestive tract
- Type: Both sensory and motor
Accessory Nerve (XI)
- Controls shoulder and neck movement
- Innervates: Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles
- Type: Motor
Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)
- Controls tongue movement
- Innervates: Muscles of the tongue
- Type: Motor
Purely Sensory vs Purely Motor Nerves
- Purely Sensory: Olfactory (I), Optic (II), Vestibulocochlear (VIII)
- Purely Motor: Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV), Abducens (VI), Accessory (XI), Hypoglossal (XII)
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Description
This quiz covers the components and functions of the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS), including the integration of sensory information and coordination of bodily functions.
